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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Depression in ageing adults is a public health problem. Worldwide studies have identified social and health risk factors for depressive symptoms. However, little is known about their longitudinal determinants in Mexico.
OBJECTIVE: To find the prevalence of depressive symptoms and their longitudinal individual and contextual risk factors in Mexican adults aged 50 and older.
METHODS: Secondary data of 6460 persons aged 50 years and older from the Mexican Health and Aging Study were analysed using a \'between-within\' panel data analysis approach.
RESULTS: The prevalence of depressive symptoms increased from 35% in 2003 to 38% in 2015. The significantly longitudinal factors associated with these symptoms were getting older (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.03), being a woman (OR 2.39, 95% CI 2.16 to 2.64), less time spent in formal education (0 years and less than 6 years OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.32 to 1.75 and OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.50, respectively), lower net worth (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.17), being recently unemployed (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.25), increased (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.25) or increasing number (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.31) of chronic conditions, poor (OR 4.68, 95% CI 4.26 to 5.15) or worsened (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.61 to 1.81) self-rated health and having impairments on instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) (OR 2.94 95% CI 2.35 to 3.67) or a new IADL impairment (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.48 to 1.89), as well as having impairments on ADLs (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.86) or a new ADL impairment (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.48).
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of depressive symptoms in Mexican adults aged 50 and older is high. Our findings show that they are longitudinally associated with the individual\'s demographic, socioeconomic, health and disability characteristics. Efforts in public policy should focus on preventing chronic conditions and disability, as well as fighting inequalities to reduce the prevalence of depressive symptoms.
OBJECTIVE: To find the prevalence of depressive symptoms and their longitudinal individual and contextual risk factors in Mexican adults aged 50 and older.
METHODS: Secondary data of 6460 persons aged 50 years and older from the Mexican Health and Aging Study were analysed using a \'between-within\' panel data analysis approach.
RESULTS: The prevalence of depressive symptoms increased from 35% in 2003 to 38% in 2015. The significantly longitudinal factors associated with these symptoms were getting older (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.03), being a woman (OR 2.39, 95% CI 2.16 to 2.64), less time spent in formal education (0 years and less than 6 years OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.32 to 1.75 and OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.50, respectively), lower net worth (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.17), being recently unemployed (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.25), increased (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.25) or increasing number (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.31) of chronic conditions, poor (OR 4.68, 95% CI 4.26 to 5.15) or worsened (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.61 to 1.81) self-rated health and having impairments on instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) (OR 2.94 95% CI 2.35 to 3.67) or a new IADL impairment (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.48 to 1.89), as well as having impairments on ADLs (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.86) or a new ADL impairment (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.48).
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of depressive symptoms in Mexican adults aged 50 and older is high. Our findings show that they are longitudinally associated with the individual\'s demographic, socioeconomic, health and disability characteristics. Efforts in public policy should focus on preventing chronic conditions and disability, as well as fighting inequalities to reduce the prevalence of depressive symptoms.
摘要：
背景：老年人的抑郁症是一个公共卫生问题。全球研究已经确定了抑郁症状的社会和健康风险因素。然而,在墨西哥，人们对它们的纵向决定因素知之甚少。
目的：在50岁及以上的墨西哥成年人中发现抑郁症状的患病率及其纵向个体和背景危险因素。
方法：使用面板数据分析方法分析了来自墨西哥健康与老龄化研究的6460名年龄在50岁及以上的人的次要数据。
结果：抑郁症状的患病率从2003年的35％增加到2015年的38％。与这些症状相关的显著纵向因素是年龄增长(OR1.02,95%CI1.01至1.03),作为一名女性（OR2.39，95%CI2.16至2.64），在正规教育中花费的时间较少（分别为0年和少于6年OR1.52，95%CI1.32至1.75和OR1.33，95%CI1.19至1.50），较低的净资产（OR1.13，95%CI1.08至1.17），最近失业(OR1.25，95%CI1.10至1.25)，慢性疾病增加（OR1.17，95%CI1.10至1.25）或增加数量（OR1.23，95%CI1.15至1.31），自我评估的健康状况较差（OR4.68，95％CI4.26至5.15）或恶化（OR1.71，95％CI1.61至1.81），并且对日常生活的工具性活动（IADL）（OR2.9495％CI2.35至3.67）或新的IADL损害（OR1.67，95％CI1.48至1.89），以及ADL受损(OR1.51，95%CI1.23至1.86)或新的ADL受损(OR1.34，95%CI1.21至1.48)。
结论：50岁及以上的墨西哥成年人抑郁症状的患病率很高。我们的研究结果表明，它们与个体的人口统计学纵向相关，社会经济,健康和残疾特征。公共政策的努力应侧重于预防慢性病和残疾，以及与不平等作斗争以减少抑郁症状的患病率。
目的：在50岁及以上的墨西哥成年人中发现抑郁症状的患病率及其纵向个体和背景危险因素。
方法：使用面板数据分析方法分析了来自墨西哥健康与老龄化研究的6460名年龄在50岁及以上的人的次要数据。
结果：抑郁症状的患病率从2003年的35％增加到2015年的38％。与这些症状相关的显著纵向因素是年龄增长(OR1.02,95%CI1.01至1.03),作为一名女性（OR2.39，95%CI2.16至2.64），在正规教育中花费的时间较少（分别为0年和少于6年OR1.52，95%CI1.32至1.75和OR1.33，95%CI1.19至1.50），较低的净资产（OR1.13，95%CI1.08至1.17），最近失业(OR1.25，95%CI1.10至1.25)，慢性疾病增加（OR1.17，95%CI1.10至1.25）或增加数量（OR1.23，95%CI1.15至1.31），自我评估的健康状况较差（OR4.68，95％CI4.26至5.15）或恶化（OR1.71，95％CI1.61至1.81），并且对日常生活的工具性活动（IADL）（OR2.9495％CI2.35至3.67）或新的IADL损害（OR1.67，95％CI1.48至1.89），以及ADL受损(OR1.51，95%CI1.23至1.86)或新的ADL受损(OR1.34，95%CI1.21至1.48)。
结论：50岁及以上的墨西哥成年人抑郁症状的患病率很高。我们的研究结果表明，它们与个体的人口统计学纵向相关，社会经济,健康和残疾特征。公共政策的努力应侧重于预防慢性病和残疾，以及与不平等作斗争以减少抑郁症状的患病率。
