Abstract：
Major depressive disorder (MDD) patients commonly encounter multiple types of functional disabilities, such as social, physical, and role functioning. MDD is related to an accreted risk of brain atrophy, aging-associated brain diseases, and mortality. Based on recently available studies, there are correlations between notable biological brain aging and MDD in adulthood. Despite several clinical and epidemiological studies that associate MDD with aging phenotypes, the underlying mechanisms in the brain remain unknown. The key areas in the study of biological brain aging in MDD are structural brain aging, impairment in functional connectivity, and the impact on cognitive function and age-related disorders. Various measurements have been used to determine the severity of brain aging, such as the brain age gap estimate (BrainAGE) or brain-predicted age difference (BrainPAD). This review summarized the current results of brain imaging data on the similarities between the manifestation of brain structural changes and the age-associated processes in MDD. This review also provided recent evidence of BrainPAD or BrainAGE scores in MDD, brain structural abnormalities, and functional connectivity, which are commonly observed between MDD and age-associated processes. It serves as a basis of current reference for future research on the potential areas of investigation for diagnostic, preventive, and potentially therapeutic purposes for brain aging in MDD.
摘要：
重度抑郁症（MDD）患者通常会遇到多种类型的功能障碍，如社会,物理，和角色功能。MDD与脑萎缩的增加风险有关，与衰老相关的脑部疾病，和死亡率。根据最近的研究，显著的生物学脑老化与成年期MDD之间存在相关性。尽管有一些临床和流行病学研究将MDD与衰老表型相关联，大脑中的潜在机制仍然未知。MDD中生物脑老化研究的关键领域是结构性脑老化，功能连通性受损，以及对认知功能和年龄相关疾病的影响。各种测量已被用来确定大脑老化的严重程度，例如脑年龄差距估计(BrainAGE)或脑预测年龄差异(BrainPAD)。这篇综述总结了当前脑成像数据关于MDD中脑结构变化表现与年龄相关过程之间相似性的结果。这篇综述还提供了MDD中BrainPAD或BrainAGE评分的最新证据，大脑结构异常,和功能连接，通常在MDD和年龄相关过程之间观察到。它作为当前参考的基础，为未来研究的潜在领域进行诊断，预防性,以及MDD中脑老化的潜在治疗目的。
