Abstract：
The concept of (potential) years of life lost is a measure of premature mortality that can be used to compare the impacts of different specific causes of death. However, interpreting a given number of years of life lost at face value is more problematic because of the lack of a sensible reference value. In this paper, we propose three denominators to divide an excess years of life lost, thus obtaining three indicators, called average life lost, increase of life lost, and proportion of life lost, which should facilitate interpretation and comparisons. We study the links between these three indicators and classical mortality indicators, such as life expectancy and standardized mortality rate, introduce the concept of weighted standardized mortality rate, and calculate them in 30 countries to assess the impact of COVID-19 on mortality in the year 2020. Using any of the three indicators, a significant excess loss is found for both genders in 18 of the 30 countries.
摘要：
（潜在）生命损失年的概念是衡量过早死亡率的指标，可用于比较不同特定死亡原因的影响。然而,由于缺乏合理的参考价值，因此以面值解释给定的生命损失年限更成问题。在本文中,我们提出了三个分母来划分多余的生命损失，从而获得三个指标，所谓的平均寿命损失，失去的生命增加，以及失去的生命的比例，这应该有助于解释和比较。我们研究了这三个指标与经典死亡率指标之间的联系，如预期寿命和标准化死亡率，引入加权标准化死亡率的概念，并在30个国家进行计算，以评估COVID-19对2020年死亡率的影响。使用三个指标中的任何一个，在30个国家中，有18个国家的两性都有显著的超额损失。
