PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Teratomas are neoplasms arising from germ cells and encompass tissues derived from two or more embryonic germ layers, including ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. These tumours typically localize along the midline or in paramedian positions and can manifest as gonadal (20%) or extragonadal (80%) entities. Although gonadal teratomas are uncommon, they represent the predominant type of gonadal tumour in the paediatric population. They comprise approximately 20-25% of all ovarian tumours in females and about 3-5% of all testicular tumours in males. Ovarian teratomas exhibit a higher incidence in early childhood and adolescence, whereas testicular teratomas are more prevalent during the first three months of life and between the ages of 15 and 19. While the majority of paediatric gonadal teratomas are benign, malignant or mixed variants may also arise, necessitating more aggressive therapeutic interventions.
摘要：
畸胎瘤是由生殖细胞产生的肿瘤，包括来自两个或多个胚胎胚层的组织。包括外胚层,中胚层,和内胚层。这些肿瘤通常沿中线或旁正中位置定位，可以表现为性腺（20％）或性腺外（80％）实体。虽然性腺畸胎瘤并不常见,它们代表了儿科人群中性腺肿瘤的主要类型。它们包括女性中所有卵巢肿瘤的约20-25%和男性中所有睾丸肿瘤的约3-5%。卵巢畸胎瘤在儿童早期和青春期的发病率较高，而睾丸畸胎瘤在生命的前三个月和15至19岁之间更为普遍。虽然大多数小儿性腺畸胎瘤是良性的，也可能出现恶性或混合变异，需要更积极的治疗干预。
