PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The fish gut microbiome is well known for its role in degrading nutrients to improve the host\'s digestion and absorption efficiency. In this study, we focused on the core physiological adaptability during the various reproductive stages of the black Amur bream (Megalobrama terminalis) to explore the interaction mechanisms among the fish host gut mucosal structure, gut enzyme activity, and gut microbial metabolism in the course of the host\'s reproductive cycle. Our findings showed that M. terminalis exhibited locomotion metabolic type (aids in sporting) in the reproductive stage, and a change to visceral metabolic type (aids in digestion) during non-reproductive and post-reproductive stage phases. The impact of metabolic type selection and energy demand during various reproductive stages on fish nutrition strategy and digestive function was substantial. Our resulted showed that mitochondria in intestinal epithelial cells of reproductive M. terminalis appeared autophagy phenomenon, and the digestive enzyme activities in the intestines of reproductive M. terminalis were lower than those in the non-reproductive and post-reproductive individuals. Moreover, these differences in nutrition strategy have a prominent impact on the gut microbiome of reproductive M. terminalis, compared to non-reproductive and post-reproductive samples. Our findings showed that reproductive females had lower levels of alpha diversity compared to non-reproductive and post-reproductive females. Our results also showed a greater functional variety and an increase in functional genes related to carbohydrate, lipid, amino acid, cofactors, and vitamin metabolic pathways in the NRS and PRS group. It is noteworthy that an enrichment of genes encoding putative enzymes implicated in the metabolism of taurine and hypotaurine was observed in the RS samples. Our findings illustrated that the stability and resilience of the gut bacterial community could be shaped in the wild fish host-microbiome interactions during reproductive life history.
摘要：
鱼类肠道微生物组以其降解营养物质以提高宿主的消化吸收效率而闻名。在这项研究中,我们重点研究了黑条鱼（Megalobramaterminalis）在各个生殖阶段的核心生理适应性，以探索鱼宿主肠道粘膜结构之间的相互作用机制，肠道酶活性，以及宿主生殖周期过程中的肠道微生物代谢。我们的发现表明，末端分枝杆菌在生殖阶段表现出运动代谢类型（有助于运动），在非生殖和生殖后阶段，内脏代谢类型（有助于消化）的变化。不同繁殖阶段的代谢类型选择和能量需求对鱼类营养策略和消化功能的影响很大。我们的研究结果表明，生殖系统末端分枝杆菌的肠上皮细胞线粒体出现自噬现象，生殖细胞末端M.的肠道消化酶活性低于非生殖和生殖后个体。此外，营养策略的这些差异对生殖道末端分枝杆菌的肠道微生物组有显著影响，与非生殖和生殖后样本相比。我们的发现表明，与非生殖和生殖后雌性相比，生殖雌性的α多样性水平较低。我们的结果还显示了更多的功能多样性和与碳水化合物相关的功能基因的增加，脂质，氨基酸,辅因子，NRS和PRS组的维生素代谢途径。值得注意的是,在RS样品中观察到编码与牛磺酸和亚牛磺酸代谢有关的推定酶的基因的富集。我们的发现表明，肠道细菌群落的稳定性和弹性可以在生殖生活史期间的野生鱼宿主-微生物组相互作用中形成。
