PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Higher-fungi xylotrophic basidiomycetes are known to be the reservoirs of bioactive metabolites. Currently, a great deal of attention has been paid to the exploitation of mycelial fungi products as an innovative alternative in crop protection. No data exist on the mechanisms behind the interaction between xylotrophic mushrooms\' glycopolymeric substances and plants. In this study, the effects of basidiomycete metabolites on the morphophysiological and biochemical variables of wheat plants have been explored. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Saratovskaya 29) seedlings were treated with extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs) isolated from the submerged cultures of twenty basidiomycete strains assigned to 13 species and 8 genera. The EPS solutions at final concentrations of 15, 40, and 80 mg/L were applied to wheat seedlings followed by their growth for 10 days. In the plant samples, the biomass, length of coleoptile, shoot and root, root number, rate of lipid peroxidation by malondialdehyde concentration, content of hydrogen peroxide, and total phenols were measured. The peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity were defined. Most of the EPS preparations improved biomass yields, as well as the morphological parameters examined. EPS application enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreased oxidative damage to lipids. Judging by its overall effect on the growth indices and redox system of wheat plants, an EPS concentration of 40 mg/L has been shown to be the most beneficial compared to other concentrations. This study proves that novel bioformulations based on mushroom EPSs can be developed and are effective for wheat growth and antioxidative response. Phytostimulating properties found for EPSs give grounds to consider extracellular metabolites produced in the xylotrophic basidiomycete cultures as an active component capable of inducing plant responses to stress.
摘要：
高级真菌木素营养担子菌已知是生物活性代谢物的储库。目前,菌丝真菌产品作为作物保护的创新替代品的开发受到了广泛的关注。没有关于木养蘑菇糖聚物质与植物之间相互作用背后机制的数据。在这项研究中,研究了担子菌代谢产物对小麦植株形态生理和生化变量的影响。小麦(小麦。Saratovskaya29）的幼苗用从20个担子菌菌株的浸没培养物中分离的细胞外多糖（EPS）处理，这些菌株分为13种和8属。将最终浓度为15、40和80mg/L的EPS溶液施用于小麦幼苗，然后使其生长10天。在植物样本中，生物量，胚芽鞘的长度，芽和根，根号,丙二醛浓度的脂质过氧化率，过氧化氢的含量，和总酚进行测量。定义了过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性。大多数EPS制剂提高了生物量产量，以及检查的形态参数。EPS的应用加强了抗氧化酶的活性，下降了对脂质的氧化毁伤。从其对小麦植株生长指数和氧化还原系统的总体影响来看，与其他浓度相比，EPS浓度为40mg/L已被证明是最有益的。这项研究证明，可以开发基于蘑菇EPS的新型生物制剂，并且对小麦生长和抗氧化反应有效。针对EPS发现的植物刺激特性使人们有理由考虑在木营养担子菌培养物中产生的细胞外代谢物作为能够诱导植物对胁迫的反应的活性成分。
