PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Background: Tension-type headache (TTH) is the most common primary headache. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and sleep bruxism (SB) are two of the most common sleep disorders; however, the relationship between TTH, OSA, and SB has not been conclusively proved in the literature. The objective of our study was to estimate potential associations with OSA and SB in TTH subjects. Methods: 108 adult individuals who underwent polysomnography (vPSG) were included, and the group was divided into two subgroups: TTH (n = 34) and control (n = 74). The International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) guidelines were used to diagnose TTH. OSA and SB diagnoses were based on vPSG examination with electromyographic (EMG) recordings and the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) criteria. The results were analyzed, where p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: In the TTH group, the incidence of SB was more than two times lower than the control (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.17-0.96, p < 0.05). However, the incidence of severe SB (BEI > 4) was similar in the TTH and control groups (OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.21-1.35, p > 0.05). Additionally, phasic and tonic SB episodes were less frequent in the TTH group compared to the controls (p < 0.05). The mean apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was not significantly different between the TTH and control groups (p > 0.05). The sleep architecture and respiratory disturbances did not differ between the examined groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: SB is not a risk factor for TTH. Moreover, severe SB is not connected with TTH. OSA is not a risk factor for TTH. Sleep quality did not differ between both groups during PSG; therefore, TTH may not change sleep structure. The mechanism of these findings is still unclear, and further studies should explain in detail the association between TTH and OSA.
摘要：
背景：紧张型头痛（TTH）是最常见的原发性头痛。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)和睡眠磨牙症(SB)是两种最常见的睡眠障碍;TTH之间的关系，OSA,而SB还没有在文献中得到确凿的证明。我们研究的目的是评估TTH受试者与OSA和SB的潜在关联。方法：纳入108名接受多导睡眠图（vPSG）的成年人，将该组分为两个亚组：TTH（n=34）和对照组（n=74）。使用国际头痛疾病分类（ICHD-3）指南来诊断TTH。OSA和SB诊断基于具有肌电图（EMG）记录的vPSG检查和美国睡眠医学学会（AASM）标准。对结果进行了分析,其中p<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。结果：在TTH组中，SB的发生率比对照组低两倍以上（OR=0.41，95％CI：0.17-0.96，p<0.05）。然而,TTH组和对照组的重度SB（BEI>4）发生率相似（OR=0.54，95％CI：0.21-1.35，p>0.05）。此外,与对照组相比，TTH组的阶段性和强直SB发作频率较低（p<0.05）。TTH组和对照组的平均呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）无明显差异（p>0.05）。两组间睡眠结构和呼吸紊乱无差异(p>0.05)。结论：SB不是TTH的危险因素。此外，严重的SB未与TTH连接。OSA不是TTH的危险因素。在PSG期间，两组的睡眠质量没有差异；因此，TTH可能不会改变睡眠结构。这些发现的机制尚不清楚，进一步的研究应详细解释TTH和OSA之间的关联。
