Abstract:
Recent studies revealed that the high production of reactive oxidative species due to exposure to fine or ultrafine particles are involved in many chronic respiratory disorders. However, the poor standard of clinical data in sub-Saharan countries makes the assessment of our knowledge on the health impacts of air pollution in urban cities very difficult. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of respiratory disorders associated with exposure to fine and ultrafine air particles through the changes of some oxidative stress biomarkers among motorbike drivers from two cities of Cameroon. Methods: A cross-sectional survey using a standardized questionnaire was conducted in 2019 on 191 motorcycle drivers (MDs) working in Douala and Dschang. Then, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured using colorimetric methods. The data of participants, after being clustered in Microsoft Excel, were analyzed and statistically compared using SPSS 20 software. Results: The motorbike drivers recruited from both cities were from 21 to 40 years old, with a mean age of 29.93 (±0.82). The distribution of respiratory disorders, such as a runny nose, cold, dry cough, chest discomfort, and breathlessness, was significantly increased among MDs in Douala. According to the results of biological assays, SOD and MDA were significantly greater among the MDs recruited in Douala compared to those of Dschang. The change in these oxidative stress markers was significantly positively correlated with the mobilization of monocytes and negatively correlated with neutrophils, showing the onset and progression of subjacent inflammatory reactions, and it seemed to be significantly influenced by the location MDs lived in. Conclusions: Through this study, we have confirmed the evidence supporting that the onset and progression of oxidative stress is caused by the long-term exposure to fine or ultrafine air particles among working people living in urban cities. Further studies should be conducted to provide evidence for the cellular damage and dysfunction related to the chronic exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) in the air among working people in the metropolitan sub-Saharan Africa context.
摘要:
最近的研究表明,由于暴露于细颗粒或超细颗粒而产生的大量反应性氧化物质与许多慢性呼吸系统疾病有关。然而,撒哈拉以南国家的临床数据标准不高,这使得我们很难评估城市空气污染对健康的影响。目的:本研究的目的是通过喀麦隆两个城市的摩托车驾驶员中某些氧化应激生物标志物的变化来评估与暴露于细空气和超细空气颗粒相关的呼吸系统疾病的分布。方法:2019年使用标准化问卷对在杜阿拉和Dschang工作的191名摩托车驾驶员(MD)进行了横断面调查。然后,用比色法测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)水平。参与者的数据,在MicrosoftExcel中群集后,采用SPSS20软件进行统计分析和统计学比较。结果:从两个城市招募的摩托车驾驶员年龄从21岁到40岁,平均年龄29.93(±0.82)。呼吸系统疾病的分布,比如流鼻涕,冷,干咳,胸部不适,呼吸困难,在杜阿拉的MD中显著增加。根据生物测定的结果,与Dschang相比,Douala招募的MD中的SOD和MDA明显更高。这些氧化应激标志物的变化与单核细胞的动员呈显著正相关,与中性粒细胞呈负相关,显示下位炎症反应的发生和进展,它似乎受到MD居住的位置的显着影响。结论:通过本研究,我们已经证实有证据支持氧化应激的发生和发展是由居住在城市的劳动人口长期暴露于细小或超细空气颗粒引起的.应进行进一步的研究,以提供证据,证明撒哈拉以南非洲大都市地区工人长期暴露于空气中细颗粒物(PM)的细胞损伤和功能障碍。