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Abstract：
Atherosclerosis, a leading cause of peripheral artery disease (PAD), is driven by lipid accumulation and chronic inflammation within arterial walls. Objectives: This study investigates the expression of ghrelin, an anti-inflammatory peptide hormone, in plaque morphology and inflammation in patients with PAD, highlighting its potential role in age-related vascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. Methods: The analysis specifically focused on the immunohistochemical expression of ghrelin in atherosclerotic plaques and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) from 28 PAD patients. Detailed immunohistochemical staining was performed to identify ghrelin within these tissues, comparing its presence in various plaque types and assessing its association with markers of inflammation and macrophage polarization. Results: Significant results showed a higher prevalence of calcification in fibro-lipid plaques (63.1%) compared to fibrous plaques, with a notable difference in inflammatory infiltration between the two plaque types (p = 0.027). Complicated plaques exhibited increased ghrelin expression, suggesting a modulatory effect on inflammatory processes, although this did not reach statistical significance. The correlation between ghrelin levels and macrophage presence, especially the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype, indicates ghrelin\'s involvement in the inflammatory dynamics of atherosclerosis. Conclusions: The findings propose that ghrelin may influence plaque stability and vascular inflammation, pointing to its therapeutic potential in managing atherosclerosis. The study underlines the necessity for further research to clarify ghrelin\'s impact on vascular health, particularly in the context of metabolic syndrome and age-related vascular alterations.
摘要：
动脉粥样硬化,外周动脉疾病（PAD）的主要原因，是由动脉壁内的脂质积累和慢性炎症驱动的。目的：本研究调查了ghrelin的表达，一种抗炎肽激素,PAD患者的斑块形态和炎症，强调其在年龄相关性血管疾病和代谢综合征中的潜在作用。方法：对28例PAD患者的动脉粥样硬化斑块和血管周围脂肪组织（PVAT）中ghrelin的免疫组化表达进行分析。进行详细的免疫组织化学染色以鉴定这些组织中的生长素释放肽，比较其在各种斑块类型中的存在，并评估其与炎症和巨噬细胞极化标志物的关联。结果：结果表明，与纤维斑块相比，纤维脂质斑块中钙化的患病率更高（63.1％），两种斑块类型之间的炎性浸润存在显着差异（p=0.027）。复杂的斑块表现出增加的ghrelin表达，提示对炎症过程的调节作用，虽然没有达到统计学意义。ghrelin水平和巨噬细胞存在之间的相关性，尤其是促炎M1表型，表明ghrelin参与动脉粥样硬化的炎症动力学。结论:ghrelin可能影响斑块稳定性和血管炎症,指出其在管理动脉粥样硬化方面的治疗潜力。该研究强调了进一步研究以阐明生长素释放肽对血管健康的影响的必要性。特别是在代谢综合征和年龄相关血管改变的背景下。
