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Abstract：
Background: Over the past decades, efforts have been made to improve the nutritional well-being of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Due to the correlation observed between nutritional indices and lung function, prevailing recommendations consistently advocate for BMI percentile goals at or above the 50th percentile in pwCF. Recent global trends show a notable increase in overweight and obese statuses among pwCF. This study aims to explore the nutritional status of Italian pwCF. Methods: Data from the Italian CF Patient\'s Registry were analysed to assess the proportion of individuals categorized as underweight, target weight, overweight, and obese from 2010 to 2021. Patient-level comparison data from 2021 were also examined to identify the potential determinants of overweight and obesity. Results: Analysis spanning 2010 to 2021 reveals a decrease of approximately 40% in underweight status among adults, while the proportion of malnourished patients younger than 18 years remained stable. Conversely, there was a substantial increase of over 70% in overweight status and over 85% in obesity among adults, with minor fluctuations observed among children and adolescents. Patient factors associated with increased obesity incidence included age older than 45 years, male gender, pancreatic sufficiency, possession of at least one CFTR variant conferring residual function, ppFEV1 > 90, and lower prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization. Conclusions: Our study confirms the evolving nutritional status landscape among Italian adult pwCF, with a significant shift towards overweight and obesity over the past decade. These trends highlight the need for proactive measures within CF standards of care to adapt and address the changing needs of patients.
摘要：
背景：在过去的几十年里，已努力改善囊性纤维化（pwCF）患者的营养状况。由于观察到的营养指标和肺功能之间的相关性，普遍的建议一致主张BMI百分位数目标等于或高于pwCF的第50百分位数。最近的全球趋势表明，pwCF中的超重和肥胖状态显着增加。本研究旨在探讨意大利pwCF的营养状况。方法：对意大利CF患者登记处的数据进行分析，以评估被归类为体重不足的个体的比例，目标体重,超重,从2010年到2021年肥胖。还检查了2021年的患者水平比较数据，以确定超重和肥胖的潜在决定因素。结果：从2010年到2021年的分析显示，成年人的体重不足状况下降了约40%，而18岁以下营养不良患者的比例保持稳定。相反，在成年人中，超重状态大幅增加了70%以上，肥胖症增加了85%以上，在儿童和青少年中观察到轻微的波动。与肥胖发生率增加相关的患者因素包括年龄超过45岁，男性,胰腺充足，拥有至少一个赋予剩余功能的CFTR变体，ppFEV1>90，铜绿假单胞菌定植患病率较低。结论：我们的研究证实了意大利成年pwCF中营养状况的演变，在过去十年中，超重和肥胖发生了重大转变。这些趋势突出表明，需要在CF护理标准内采取积极措施，以适应和满足患者不断变化的需求。
