PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Microalgae are exceptional organisms from a nutritional perspective, boasting an array of bioactive compounds that have long justified their incorporation into human diets. In this study, we explored the potential of five microalgae species: Nannochloropsis sp., Tetraselmis chuii, Chaetoceros muelleri, Thalassiosira weissflogii, and Tisochrysis lutea. We conducted comprehensive analyses of their nutritional profiles, encompassing protein content, individual amino acid composition, mineral and trace element levels, fatty acid profiles (including saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)), polyphenol compositions, and vitamin B content. The antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extracts was evaluated using two methods: ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging assay. The total protein content of the microalgae ranged from 34.09 ± 0.39% to 42.45 ± 0.18%, with the highest concentration observed in T. weissflogii. Essential amino acids such as histidine, threonine, lysine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, and methionine were present in concentrations ranging from 0.53 ± 0.02 to 12.55 ± 2.21 g/16 g N. Glutamic acid emerged as the most abundant amino acid, with concentrations ranging from 6.73 ± 0.82 to 12.55 ± 2.21 g/16 g N. Among the microalgae species, T. chuii exhibited the highest concentrations of calcium (Ca) and manganese (Mn), while C. muelleri showed prominence in magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and iron (Fe). T. weissflogii stood out for its potassium (K) content, and T. lutea contained notable amounts of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb). Regarding fatty acid profiles, Nannochloropsis sp. and T. chuii were predominantly composed of SFA, while C. muelleri and T. weissflogii were rich in MUFA. PUFAs dominated the fatty acid profile of T. lutea, which also exhibited the most diverse range of polyphenolic substances. We also analyzed the B vitamin content, with T. lutea displaying the highest concentrations of niacin (B3) and riboflavin (B2). Antioxidant activity was confirmed for all microalgae tested using DPPH and ABTS radical IC50 (mg/mL) converted to Trolox equivalent (TEAC). These findings underscore the substantial potential of the examined microalgae species as sources of biologically valuable substances characterized by rapid growth and relatively undemanding cultivation conditions.
摘要：
从营养的角度来看，微藻是特殊的生物，拥有一系列生物活性化合物，这些化合物长期以来证明了它们被纳入人类饮食的合理性。在这项研究中,我们探索了五种微藻的潜力：微绿藻。,Tetraselmischuii,Chaetocerosmuelleri,Thalassiosiraweissflogii,和Tisochrysislutea。我们对他们的营养状况进行了全面分析，包括蛋白质含量，单个氨基酸组成，矿物质和微量元素水平，脂肪酸谱(包括饱和脂肪酸(SFA)，单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA），和多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA），多酚组合物,和维生素B含量。使用两种方法评估乙醇提取物的抗氧化活性：ABTS和DPPH自由基清除测定。微藻的总蛋白含量为34.09±0.39%至42.45±0.18%,在魏斯弗洛吉T.中观察到的浓度最高。必需氨基酸如组氨酸，苏氨酸,赖氨酸，缬氨酸,异亮氨酸,亮氨酸,苯丙氨酸,甲硫氨酸的浓度范围为0.53±0.02至12.55±2.21g/16gN。谷氨酸是最丰富的氨基酸，浓度范围为6.73±0.82至12.55±2.21g/16gN。在微藻物种中，T.chuii表现出最高的钙（Ca）和锰（Mn）浓度，而C.muelleri在镁(Mg)中显示突出，钠（Na），铁（Fe）魏斯弗洛吉因其钾(K)含量而脱颖而出，和T.lutea含有大量的铜(Cu)，锌(Zn),铅（Pb）。关于脂肪酸谱，微球藻。T.chuii主要由SFA组成，而C.muelleri和T.weissflogii在MUFA很有钱。PUFA主导了T.lutea的脂肪酸谱，这也表现出最多样化的多酚物质。我们还分析了维生素B含量，T.lutea显示出最高浓度的烟酸（B3）和核黄素（B2）。使用DPPH和ABTS自由基IC50(mg/mL)转化为Trolox当量(TEAC)来确认所有测试的微藻的抗氧化活性。这些发现强调了所检查的微藻物种作为具有快速生长和相对不苛刻的培养条件的生物有价值物质来源的巨大潜力。
