PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Immunonutrition, which focuses on specific nutrients in breast milk and post-weaning diets, plays a crucial role in supporting infants\' immune system development. This study explored the impact of maternal supplementation with Bifidobacterium breve M-16V and a combination of short-chain galacto-oligosaccharide (scGOS) and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharide (lcFOS) from pregnancy through lactation, extending into the early childhood of the offspring. The synbiotic supplementation\'s effects were examined at both mucosal and systemic levels. While the supplementation did not influence their overall growth, water intake, or food consumption, a trophic effect was observed in the small intestine, enhancing its weight, length, width, and microscopic structures. A gene expression analysis indicated a reduction in FcRn and Blimp1 and an increase in Zo1 and Tlr9, suggesting enhanced maturation and barrier function. Intestinal immunoglobulin (Ig) A levels remained unaffected, while cecal IgA levels decreased. The synbiotic supplementation led to an increased abundance of total bacteria and Ig-coated bacteria in the cecum. The abundance of Bifidobacterium increased in both the intestine and cecum. Short-chain fatty acid production decreased in the intestine but increased in the cecum due to the synbiotic supplementation. Systemically, the Ig profiles remained unaffected. In conclusion, maternal synbiotic supplementation during gestation, lactation, and early life is established as a new strategy to improve the maturation and functionality of the gastrointestinal barrier. Additionally, it participates in the microbiota colonization of the gut, leading to a healthier composition.
摘要：
免疫营养,专注于母乳和断奶后饮食中的特定营养素，在支持婴儿免疫系统发育中起着至关重要的作用。这项研究探讨了从怀孕到哺乳期间补充短双歧杆菌M-16V和短链半乳寡糖（scGOS）和长链低聚果糖（lcFOS）的组合的影响，延伸到后代的早期童年。在粘膜和全身水平上检查了合生元补充剂的作用。虽然补充并不影响他们的整体生长，取水,或食物消费，在小肠中观察到营养效应，增强它的重量，长度,宽度,和微观结构。基因表达分析表明FcRn和Blimp1减少，Zo1和Tlr9增加，表明成熟和屏障功能增强。肠道免疫球蛋白（Ig）A水平未受影响，而盲肠IgA水平下降。合生元补充导致盲肠中总细菌和Ig包被细菌的丰度增加。肠道和盲肠中双歧杆菌的丰度增加。由于合生元的补充，短链脂肪酸的产生在肠道中减少，但在盲肠中增加。系统地，Ig谱未受影响。总之,妊娠期间补充母体合生元，哺乳期,早期生命被确立为改善胃肠屏障成熟和功能的新策略。此外,它参与肠道微生物群的定植，导致更健康的成分。
