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Abstract：
The present experiment aimed to evaluate the partial or complete substitution of soybean meal (SBM) with Nigella sativa seed meal (NSM) on chemical composition, in vitro ruminal fermentation, and the growth performance and economic efficiency of growing lambs. Thirty-two male Ossimi lambs weighing 41 ± 0.4 kg at 195 ± 5 d were divided randomly into four experimental groups of eight lambs each. Lambs were fed four diets containing 40% berseem clover and 60% concentrate feed mixture. Soybean meal was replaced with NSM at 0% (NSM0; control), 50% (NSM50), 75% (NSM75), or 100% (NSM100). The experiment lasted for 105 d, consisting of 15 d for adaptation and 90 days for measurements. Higher concentrations of crude protein (CP) and nonstructural carbohydrates were observed with SBM; however, NSM contained more fibers and gross energy. Moreover, SBM contained higher concentrations of individual amino acids and lower concentrations of polyphenols. The replacement did not affect in vitro gas production and decreased (p < 0.05) methane production and CP degradability. Treatments did not affect feed intake, nutrient digestibility, and diet\'s nutritive value measured as starch value, total digestible nutrient, digestible energy, and apparent digestible crude protein. The NSM50 and NSM75 treatments increased (p < 0.001) total weight gain and daily gain compared to the control treatment, with lower feed conversion values associated with the NSM75 treatment. Treatments decreased cholesterol (p = 0.028) and high-density lipoprotein (p = 0.029) and increased antioxidant activity. Higher economic efficiencies were observed with the NSM75 followed by NSM50 and then NSM100 treatments. It is concluded that replacing 75% of SBM with NSM enhanced feed conversion and economic efficiency.
摘要：
本实验旨在评估豆粕（SBM）在化学成分上的部分或完全替代。体外瘤胃发酵，以及正在生长的羔羊的生长性能和经济效益。将32只雄性Ossimi羔羊在195±5d时体重41±0.4kg，随机分为4个实验组，每组8只。羔羊饲喂四种饮食，其中含有40％的berseem三叶草和60％的浓缩饲料混合物。豆粕替换为0%的NSM（NSM0；对照），50%（NSM50），75%（NSM75），或100%（NSM100）。实验持续了105d,包括15天的适应和90天的测量。使用SBM观察到较高浓度的粗蛋白（CP）和非结构性碳水化合物；然而，NSM包含更多的纤维和总能量。此外，SBM含有较高浓度的单个氨基酸和较低浓度的多酚。置换不影响体外产气,并且降低(p<0.05)甲烷产量和CP降解性。处理不影响采食量，营养素消化率，饮食的营养价值以淀粉值衡量，总可消化营养素，可消化能量，和表观可消化的粗蛋白。与对照治疗相比，NSM50和NSM75治疗增加了（p<0.001）总重量增加和日增重，与NSM75处理相关的饲料转化值较低。治疗降低了胆固醇（p=0.028）和高密度脂蛋白（p=0.029），并增加了抗氧化活性。使用NSM75，然后是NSM50，然后是NSM100处理，观察到更高的经济效率。结论用NSM代替75%的SBM提高了饲料转化率和经济效益。
