Abstract：
Wolbachia, an endosymbiotic bacterium, relies on nutrients from its host to complete its life cycle. The presence of Wolbachia strain wAlbB in the mosquito Aedes aegypti during egg or larval stages affects the host\'s development, leading to the absence of developed and visible ovaries in adult mosquito females. In this study, we investigated the impacts of egg quiescence and Wolbachia infection on lipid profiles of adult Ae. aegypti females, and discerned the role of ovaries in lipid synthesis in the reproductive process. The lipidomes of Wolbachia infected and uninfected female individuals at various developmental stages were quantitatively analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Lipidomic change patterns were systematically further investigated in wAlbB-infected fertile females and infertile females following blood feeding. Prolonged egg quiescence induced a shortage of acyl-carnitine (CAR) and potentially impacted some molecules of diacyl-phospholipid (diacyl-PL) and sphingolipid (SL) in young adult mosquitoes. After the first gonotrophic cycle, infertile females accumulated more CAR and lyso-phospholipid (lyso-PL) than fertile females. Then in the second gonotrophic cycle, the patterns of different lipid groups remained similar between fertile and infertile females. Only a small proportion of molecules of triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (lyso-PL and diacyl-PL) and ceramide (Cer) increased exclusively in fertile females from 0 h to 16 h post blood meal, suggesting that the generation or prescence of these lipids rely on ovaries. In addition, we found cardiolipins (CL) might be impacted by Wolbachia infection at the egg stage, and infected mosquitoes also showed distinct patterns between fertile and infertile females at their second gonotrophic cycle. Our study provides new insights into the long-term influence of Wolbachia on lipid profiles throughout various life stages of mosquitoes. Additionally, it suggests a role played by ovaries in lipid synthesis during mosquito reproduction.
摘要：
Wolbachia,一种内共生细菌，依靠宿主的营养来完成其生命周期。在卵或幼虫阶段，蚊子埃及伊蚊中Wolbachia菌株wAlbB的存在会影响宿主的发育，导致成年蚊子雌性没有发育和可见的卵巢。在这项研究中,我们调查了卵静止和Wolbachia感染对成年Ae血脂的影响。埃及伊蚊雌性，并辨别了卵巢在生殖过程中脂质合成中的作用。通过LC-MS/MS定量分析了Wolbachia感染和未感染的女性个体在各个发育阶段的脂体。在血液喂养后，进一步系统地研究了wAlbB感染的可育女性和不育女性的脂质变化模式。长时间的卵静止导致酰基肉碱（CAR）的短缺，并可能影响年轻成年蚊子中的一些二酰基磷脂（二酰基PL）和鞘脂（SL）分子。在第一个促性腺激素周期之后，不育女性比可育女性积累更多的CAR和溶血磷脂（lyso-PL）。然后在第二个促性腺激素周期中，不同脂质组的模式在可育和不育女性之间仍然相似。只有一小部分的甘油三酯（TG）分子，磷脂（lyso-PL和二酰基-PL）和神经酰胺（Cer）仅在可育雌性中从血餐后0h到16h增加，这表明这些脂质的产生或存在依赖于卵巢。此外,我们发现心磷脂（CL）可能在卵期受到Wolbachia感染的影响，受感染的蚊子在第二个促性腺激素周期中也表现出可育和不育雌性之间的不同模式。我们的研究为Wolbachia对蚊子各个生命阶段的脂质分布的长期影响提供了新的见解。此外,这表明卵巢在蚊子繁殖过程中在脂质合成中起作用。
