Abstract：
Otolaryngology is an important specialty in the field of surgery that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of the ear, nose, throat, trachea, as well as related anatomical structures. Various otolaryngological disorders are difficult to treat using established pharmacological and surgical approaches. The advent of molecular and cellular therapies led to further progress in this respect. This article reviews the therapeutic strategies of using stem cells, immune cells, and chondrocytes in otorhinolaryngology. As the most widely recognized cell derivatives, exosomes were also systematically reviewed for their therapeutic potential in head and neck cancer, otitis media, and allergic rhinitis. Finally, we summarize the limitations of stem cells, chondrocytes, and exosomes, as well as possible solutions, and provide an outlook on the future direction of cell- and derivative-based therapies in otorhinolaryngology, to offer a theoretical foundation for the clinical translation of this therapeutic modality.
摘要：
耳鼻喉科是外科领域的重要专业，涉及耳朵的诊断和治疗，鼻子,喉咙,气管,以及相关的解剖结构。各种耳鼻喉科疾病难以使用已建立的药理学和手术方法来治疗。分子和细胞疗法的出现导致了这方面的进一步进展。本文综述了使用干细胞的治疗策略,免疫细胞，耳鼻喉科的软骨细胞。作为最广泛认可的细胞衍生物，还系统地回顾了外泌体在头颈癌中的治疗潜力，中耳炎,和过敏性鼻炎。最后,我们总结了干细胞的局限性，软骨细胞,和外泌体，以及可能的解决方案，并对耳鼻咽喉科细胞和衍生治疗的未来方向进行了展望，为这种治疗方式的临床翻译提供理论基础。
