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Abstract：
This study aimed to explore the clinical effectiveness of nursing methods that incorporate health belief models on the self-care practices of maintenance hemodialysis patients. The objective was to enhance patients\' health beliefs, strengthen their healthy behaviors and habits, improve their unhealthy daily behaviors, and provide robust theoretical and practical foundations for future nursing practices in this area. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 150 hemodialysis patients from our hospital, from January 2019 to February 2023. The participants were divided into 2 groups: a control group (N = 75) using routine nursing methods, and an experimental group (N = 75) using methods integrated with health belief models. Both groups were comparable in terms of demographic and baseline clinical characteristics such as gender, marital status, age, education level, total scores of self-care ability, and dialysis duration, with no significant differences observed (P > .05). Data collection tools included a general information questionnaire and a self-care ability scale, and clinical effectiveness was measured through specific indicators such as parathyroid hormone, blood phosphorus, urea, potassium, calcium, and IWGR%. Post-intervention, the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in self-care capabilities across various dimensions and most clinical indicators compared to the control group, with the exception of parathyroid hormone and blood urea levels. The study concludes that integrating health belief models into nursing practices significantly enhances the self-care abilities of maintenance hemodialysis patients, improves several clinical parameters, and holds promise for fostering better patient outcomes and guiding future clinical nursing practices.
摘要：
本研究旨在探讨纳入健康信念模式的护理方法对维持性血液透析患者自我护理实践的临床效果。目的是增强患者的健康信念，加强他们的健康行为和习惯，改善他们不健康的日常行为，并为该领域未来的护理实践提供坚实的理论和实践基础。方法对我院150例血液透析患者进行回顾性分析,从2019年1月到2023年2月。将参与者分为2组：对照组（N=75）使用常规护理方法，和一个实验组(N=75)，使用结合健康信念模型的方法。两组在人口统计学和基线临床特征如性别方面具有可比性。婚姻状况,年龄,教育水平,自理能力总分，和透析持续时间，没有观察到显著差异(P>.05)。数据收集工具包括一般信息问卷和自我护理能力量表，临床疗效通过甲状旁腺激素等具体指标来衡量，血磷,尿素,钾，钙，和IWGR%。干预后，与对照组相比，实验组在各个维度和大多数临床指标上显示出自我护理能力的显着改善，除了甲状旁腺激素和血尿素水平。研究认为,将健康信念模式融入护理实践中,可显著提高维持性血液透析患者的自我护理能力,改善了几个临床参数，并有望促进更好的患者预后和指导未来的临床护理实践。
