PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Organ transplantation saves thousands of lives every year. Despite growing awareness of transplantation, the issue of obtaining organs for transplantation has been controversial for years. Hundreds of people are waiting in lines all the time for transplantation, for whom it is the only hope for a cure. One extremely important factor contributing to the low number of transplants is the low number of organ donations from deceased donors. Nurses are considered key facilitators of the organ procurement and transplantation process. Their knowledge of and attitudes toward organ donation can influence public opinion, as well as the decisions of their families to donate the organs of the deceased. The purpose of our study was to determine the opinions of surveyed nurses about transplantation and the reasons for negative public attitudes toward organ donation. The survey included 793 nurses employed in surgical wards across Poland with varying levels of job seniority. The survey was conducted between September and October 2022. The research tool was a survey questionnaire, consisting of three parts: socio-demographic data, questions assessing the respondents\' knowledge of behavior about transplantation, and a non-standardized tool to measure respondents\' emotional and motivational attitudes toward transplantation. Participation in the survey was anonymous and voluntary. The statistical analysis for independence of variables used the χ 2 test. On the other hand, coefficients based on the Phi and Cramer\'s V test, as well as Kruskal Wallis non-parametric tests for assessing differences (for more than 2 samples) were used to determine the strength of the relationship. During these analyses, in addition to standard statistical significance, the corresponding \"p\" values were calculated using the Monte Carlo method. According to the nurses surveyed, transplantation is a life-saving procedure. A significant proportion of the nurses (85.6%) believe that there are too few donors in Poland. According to 41.8% of the respondents, this is due to the fear of misdiagnosis of death, for 23.4% it is incompatible with their worldview or religion and 31.8% believe it is due to the belief in the inviolability of the human body after death. The survey showed that, in the nurses\' opinion, the reason for objections to organ transplantation is the deficit in public\'s knowledge of cell, tissue and organ donation from both living and dead donors. Therefore it is extremely important to conduct educational campaigns in this regard.
摘要：
器官移植每年挽救数千人的生命。尽管人们越来越意识到移植，获得移植器官的问题多年来一直存在争议。数百人一直在排队等待移植，对他们来说，这是治愈的唯一希望。导致移植数量少的一个极其重要的因素是已故捐赠者的器官捐赠数量少。护士被认为是器官采购和移植过程的关键推动者。他们对器官捐赠的了解和态度会影响公众舆论，以及他们的家人捐赠死者器官的决定。我们研究的目的是确定接受调查的护士对移植的看法以及公众对器官捐赠持负面态度的原因。调查包括波兰各地外科病房雇用的793名护士，他们的工作资历不同。该调查是在2022年9月至10月之间进行的。研究工具是调查问卷，由三个部分组成：社会人口统计数据，评估受访者对移植行为的知识的问题，以及衡量受访者对移植的情感和激励态度的非标准化工具。参与调查是匿名和自愿的。变量独立性的统计分析采用χ2检验。另一方面,基于Phi和CramerV检验的系数，以及KruskalWallis用于评估差异（超过2个样本）的非参数检验用于确定关系的强度。在这些分析中,除了标准的统计意义之外，使用蒙特卡罗方法计算相应的“p”值。根据接受调查的护士，移植是挽救生命的过程。相当比例的护士（85.6％）认为波兰的捐助者太少了。根据41.8%的受访者，这是由于对死亡误诊的恐惧，23.4%的人认为这与他们的世界观或宗教不相容，31.8%的人认为这是由于人们相信死后人体不可侵犯。调查显示,在护士看来,反对器官移植的原因是公众对细胞知识的缺乏，活人和死人的组织和器官捐献。因此，开展这方面的教育运动极为重要。
