PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This article adopts a socio-economic and political lens to elucidate the interplay of factors that heighten the vulnerability of Syrian refugee agricultural workers and their exposure to pesticides in Lebanon. It provides a comprehensive understanding for the interconnected social, political and economic factors at the global, regional, national and local levels and how they increase the vulnerability of Syrian refugee agricultural workers, particularly their exposure to pesticides. The global factors highlight the shifts from colonialism to state-controlled economies to neoliberal policies. These changes have prioritized the interests of large agricultural schemes and multinationals at the expense of small and medium-sized agriculture. Consequently, there has been a boost in pesticides demand, coupled with weak regulations and less investment in agriculture in the countries of the Global South. The article explains how the dynamic interaction of climate change and conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa region has negatively impacted the agriculture sector and food production, which led to an increased potential for pesticide use. At the national and local levels, Lebanon\'s social, political and economic policies have resulted in the weakening of the agricultural sector, the overuse of pesticides, and the intensification of the Syrian refugee agricultural workers\' vulnerability and exposure to pesticides. The article recommends that researchers, policymakers, and practitioners adopt a political-economic-social lens to analyze and address the full dynamic situation facing migrant and refugee workers in Lebanon and other countries and promote equity in the agricultural sector globally.
摘要：
本文采用社会经济和政治视角来阐明加剧叙利亚难民农业工人脆弱性及其在黎巴嫩接触农药的因素之间的相互作用。它为相互联系的社会提供了全面的理解，全球政治和经济因素，区域,国家和地方层面，以及它们如何增加叙利亚难民农业工人的脆弱性，特别是他们接触杀虫剂。全球因素凸显了从殖民主义到国家控制经济再到新自由主义政策的转变。这些变化优先考虑了大型农业计划和跨国公司的利益，而牺牲了中小型农业。因此,农药需求增加，再加上全球南方国家监管薄弱，农业投资减少。本文解释了中东和北非地区气候变化和冲突的动态相互作用如何对农业部门和粮食生产产生负面影响，这导致农药使用的潜力增加。在国家和地方层面，黎巴嫩的社会，政治和经济政策导致农业部门的削弱，农药的过度使用，以及叙利亚难民农业工人的脆弱性和接触杀虫剂的加剧。文章建议研究人员,政策制定者，和从业者采用政治-经济-社会视角来分析和解决黎巴嫩和其他国家的移民和难民工人面临的全面动态状况，并促进全球农业部门的平等。
