PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Central venous pressure (CVP) serves as a direct approximation of right atrial pressure and is influenced by factors like total blood volume, venous compliance, cardiac output, and orthostasis. Normal CVP falls within 8-12 mmHg but varies with volume status and venous compliance. Monitoring and managing disturbances in CVP are vital in patients with circulatory shock or fluid disturbances. Elevated CVP can lead to fluid accumulation in the interstitial space, impairing venous return and reducing cardiac preload. While pulmonary artery catheterization and central venous catheter obtained measurements are considered to be more accurate, they carry risk of complications and their usage has not shown clinical improvement. Ultrasound-based assessment of the internal jugular vein (IJV) offers real-time, non-invasive measurement of static and dynamic parameters for estimating CVP. IJV parameters, including diameter and ratio, has demonstrated good correlation with CVP. Despite significant advancements in non-invasive CVP measurement, a reliable tool is yet to be found. Present methods can offer reasonable guidance in assessing CVP, provided their limitations are acknowledged.
摘要：
中心静脉压（CVP）是右心房压力的直接近似值，并且受诸如总血容量等因素的影响。静脉顺应性,心输出量,和矫正。正常CVP在8-12mmHg范围内，但随容量状态和静脉顺应性而变化。对于患有循环性休克或液体紊乱的患者，监测和管理CVP的紊乱至关重要。CVP升高会导致间隙中的液体积聚，损害静脉回流和减少心脏预负荷。虽然肺动脉导管插入术和中心静脉导管获得的测量被认为更准确，他们有并发症的风险，他们的使用没有显示出临床改善。基于超声的颈内静脉评估（IJV）提供实时，用于估计CVP的静态和动态参数的非侵入性测量。IJV参数，包括直径和比率，与CVP具有良好的相关性。尽管在非侵入性CVP测量方面取得了重大进展，还没有找到可靠的工具。目前的方法可以为评估CVP提供合理的指导，只要他们的局限性得到承认。
