PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: The oropharyngeal microbiome plays an important role in protection against infectious agents when in balance. Despite use of vaccines and antibiotic therapy to prevent respiratory tract infections, they remain one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in Low- and middle-income countries. Hence the need to explore other approaches to prevention by identifying microbial biomarkers that could be leveraged to modify the microbiota in order to enhance protection against pathogenic bacteria. The aim of this study was to analyze the oropharyngeal microbiome (OPM) of schoolchildren in Côte d\'Ivoire presenting symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) for better prevention strategy.
UNASSIGNED: Primary schools\' children in Korhogo (n = 37) and Abidjan (n = 39) were followed for six months with monthly oropharyngeal sampling. Clinical diagnostic of URT infection was performed and nucleic acid extracted from oropharyngeal swabs were used for 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis and RT-PCR.
UNASSIGNED: The clinical examination of children\'s throat in Abidjan and Korhogo identified respectively 17 (43.59%) and 15 (40.54%) participants with visible symptoms of URTIs, with 26 episodes of infection in Abidjan and 24 in Korhogo. Carriage of Haemophilus influenzae (12%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (6%) and SARS-CoV-2 (6%) was confirmed by PCR. A significant difference in alpha diversity was found between children colonized by S. pneumoniae and those that were not (p = 0.022). There was also a significant difference in alpha diversity between children colonised with H. influenzae and those who were not (p = 0.017). No significant difference was found for SARS-CoV-2. Sphingomonas, Ralstonia and Rothia were significantly enriched in non-carriers of S. pneumoniae; Actinobacillus was significantly enriched in non-carriers of H. influenzae; Actinobacillus and Porphyromonas were significantly enriched in non-carriers of SARS-CoV-2 (p < 0.001).
UNASSIGNED: Nearly 40% of children showed clinical symptoms of infection not related to geographical location. The OPM showed an imbalance during H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae carriage. This study provides a baseline understanding of microbiome markers in URTIs in children for future research, to develop targeted interventions aimed at restoring the microbial balance and reducing the symptoms associated with RTIs.
UNASSIGNED: Primary schools\' children in Korhogo (n = 37) and Abidjan (n = 39) were followed for six months with monthly oropharyngeal sampling. Clinical diagnostic of URT infection was performed and nucleic acid extracted from oropharyngeal swabs were used for 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis and RT-PCR.
UNASSIGNED: The clinical examination of children\'s throat in Abidjan and Korhogo identified respectively 17 (43.59%) and 15 (40.54%) participants with visible symptoms of URTIs, with 26 episodes of infection in Abidjan and 24 in Korhogo. Carriage of Haemophilus influenzae (12%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (6%) and SARS-CoV-2 (6%) was confirmed by PCR. A significant difference in alpha diversity was found between children colonized by S. pneumoniae and those that were not (p = 0.022). There was also a significant difference in alpha diversity between children colonised with H. influenzae and those who were not (p = 0.017). No significant difference was found for SARS-CoV-2. Sphingomonas, Ralstonia and Rothia were significantly enriched in non-carriers of S. pneumoniae; Actinobacillus was significantly enriched in non-carriers of H. influenzae; Actinobacillus and Porphyromonas were significantly enriched in non-carriers of SARS-CoV-2 (p < 0.001).
UNASSIGNED: Nearly 40% of children showed clinical symptoms of infection not related to geographical location. The OPM showed an imbalance during H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae carriage. This study provides a baseline understanding of microbiome markers in URTIs in children for future research, to develop targeted interventions aimed at restoring the microbial balance and reducing the symptoms associated with RTIs.
摘要：
■口咽微生物组处于平衡状态时在预防感染因子方面发挥着重要作用。尽管使用疫苗和抗生素治疗来预防呼吸道感染，它们仍然是低收入和中等收入国家死亡率和发病率的主要原因之一。因此，需要探索其他预防方法，通过鉴定可用于修饰微生物群的微生物生物标志物，以增强对病原菌的保护。这项研究的目的是分析科特迪瓦出现上呼吸道感染（URTI）症状的学童的口咽微生物组（OPM），以获得更好的预防策略。
■对科霍戈（n=37）和阿比让（n=39）的小学儿童进行了为期六个月的口咽采样。进行URT感染的临床诊断，从口咽拭子中提取的核酸用于16SrRNA宏基因组分析和RT-PCR。
■阿比让和科霍戈儿童咽喉的临床检查分别确定了17名（43.59％）和15名（40.54％）参与者有明显的URTI症状，阿比让感染26例，科霍戈感染24例。携带流感嗜血杆菌（12%），通过PCR确认肺炎链球菌(6%)和SARS-CoV-2(6%)。在肺炎链球菌定植的儿童和未定植的儿童之间发现α多样性的显着差异（p=0.022）。感染流感嗜血杆菌的儿童与未感染流感嗜血杆菌的儿童之间的α多样性也存在显着差异（p=0.017）。SARS-CoV-2没有发现显著差异。鞘氨醇单胞菌,肺炎链球菌的非携带者中，雷尔氏菌和罗斯氏菌显著富集；流感嗜血杆菌的非携带者中，放线杆菌显著富集；SARS-CoV-2的非携带者中，放线杆菌和卟啉菌显著富集（p<0.001）。
■近40%的儿童表现出与地理位置无关的感染临床症状。OPM在流感嗜血杆菌和肺炎链球菌携带期间显示不平衡。这项研究为未来的研究提供了对儿童URTIs微生物组标记的基线理解，制定有针对性的干预措施，旨在恢复微生物平衡并减少与RTI相关的症状。
■对科霍戈（n=37）和阿比让（n=39）的小学儿童进行了为期六个月的口咽采样。进行URT感染的临床诊断，从口咽拭子中提取的核酸用于16SrRNA宏基因组分析和RT-PCR。
■阿比让和科霍戈儿童咽喉的临床检查分别确定了17名（43.59％）和15名（40.54％）参与者有明显的URTI症状，阿比让感染26例，科霍戈感染24例。携带流感嗜血杆菌（12%），通过PCR确认肺炎链球菌(6%)和SARS-CoV-2(6%)。在肺炎链球菌定植的儿童和未定植的儿童之间发现α多样性的显着差异（p=0.022）。感染流感嗜血杆菌的儿童与未感染流感嗜血杆菌的儿童之间的α多样性也存在显着差异（p=0.017）。SARS-CoV-2没有发现显著差异。鞘氨醇单胞菌,肺炎链球菌的非携带者中，雷尔氏菌和罗斯氏菌显著富集；流感嗜血杆菌的非携带者中，放线杆菌显著富集；SARS-CoV-2的非携带者中，放线杆菌和卟啉菌显著富集（p<0.001）。
■近40%的儿童表现出与地理位置无关的感染临床症状。OPM在流感嗜血杆菌和肺炎链球菌携带期间显示不平衡。这项研究为未来的研究提供了对儿童URTIs微生物组标记的基线理解，制定有针对性的干预措施，旨在恢复微生物平衡并减少与RTI相关的症状。
