PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Refractive errors (REs) are the major cause of blindness and impaired vision with considerable morbidity. Finding the prevalence with early detection of REs with appropriate corrective measures can bring down eye morbidity in children.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to find the prevalence of REs among children attending Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital in Karnataka State of South India.
METHODS: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 420 study subjects. Examination of the eyes for REs was carried out using a refractometer. The REs were noted in myopia < -0.5 dioptres (D), hypermetropia > + 0.5 D, and astigmatism > 0.5 cylinder D. The data were statistically subjected to a statistics test. Categorical measurement was presented as frequency (percentage). The association between the parameters was done using the chi-square test. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: Out of 420 examined, REs were present among 147 (35%) study subjects, and myopia 67 (16%) was the highest prevalent in comparison to hypermetropia 42 (10%) and astigmatism 38 (9%). The male subjects had 77 (34.4%) REs, and the female subjects had 70 (35.7%) REs. In both genders, myopia was the highest prevalent, followed by hypermetropia and astigmatism.
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of REs among children is alarming, and it should be corrected at an early age to prevent further complications in adulthood. Ophthalmologists should generate regional data about the prevalence of REs, create awareness about the prevention of REs among the risk population, and utilize government-sponsored blind eradication programs for comprehensive eye care in the larger interest of the affected population and risk population.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to find the prevalence of REs among children attending Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital in Karnataka State of South India.
METHODS: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 420 study subjects. Examination of the eyes for REs was carried out using a refractometer. The REs were noted in myopia < -0.5 dioptres (D), hypermetropia > + 0.5 D, and astigmatism > 0.5 cylinder D. The data were statistically subjected to a statistics test. Categorical measurement was presented as frequency (percentage). The association between the parameters was done using the chi-square test. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: Out of 420 examined, REs were present among 147 (35%) study subjects, and myopia 67 (16%) was the highest prevalent in comparison to hypermetropia 42 (10%) and astigmatism 38 (9%). The male subjects had 77 (34.4%) REs, and the female subjects had 70 (35.7%) REs. In both genders, myopia was the highest prevalent, followed by hypermetropia and astigmatism.
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of REs among children is alarming, and it should be corrected at an early age to prevent further complications in adulthood. Ophthalmologists should generate regional data about the prevalence of REs, create awareness about the prevention of REs among the risk population, and utilize government-sponsored blind eradication programs for comprehensive eye care in the larger interest of the affected population and risk population.
摘要：
背景：屈光不正（REs）是失明和视力受损的主要原因，发病率相当高。通过适当的纠正措施及早发现REs来发现患病率可以降低儿童的眼部发病率。
目的：该研究的目的是在印度南部卡纳塔克邦的Raichur医学科学研究所教学医院就诊的儿童中发现RE的患病率。
方法：这项以医院为基础的横断面研究共有420名研究对象。使用折射计对眼睛进行REs检查。在近视<-0.5屈光度（D）中注意到RE，远视>+0.5D,和散光>0.5圆柱体D。对数据进行统计学检验。分类测量以频率(百分比)表示。使用卡方检验进行参数之间的关联。P值<0.05被认为是统计学上显著的。
结果：在420项检查中，147名(35%)研究对象中存在RE，与远视42（10％）和散光38（9％）相比，近视67（16％）的患病率最高。男性受试者有77(34.4%)个RE，女性受试者有70(35.7%)个RE。在两种性别中，近视是最普遍的，其次是远视和散光。
结论：儿童中REs的患病率令人担忧，它应该在早期进行纠正，以防止成年后出现进一步的并发症。眼科医生应该生成有关REs患病率的区域数据，在风险人群中提高对预防REs的认识，并利用政府资助的盲人根除计划，为受影响人群和风险人群的更大利益提供全面的眼部护理。
目的：该研究的目的是在印度南部卡纳塔克邦的Raichur医学科学研究所教学医院就诊的儿童中发现RE的患病率。
方法：这项以医院为基础的横断面研究共有420名研究对象。使用折射计对眼睛进行REs检查。在近视<-0.5屈光度（D）中注意到RE，远视>+0.5D,和散光>0.5圆柱体D。对数据进行统计学检验。分类测量以频率(百分比)表示。使用卡方检验进行参数之间的关联。P值<0.05被认为是统计学上显著的。
结果：在420项检查中，147名(35%)研究对象中存在RE，与远视42（10％）和散光38（9％）相比，近视67（16％）的患病率最高。男性受试者有77(34.4%)个RE，女性受试者有70(35.7%)个RE。在两种性别中，近视是最普遍的，其次是远视和散光。
结论：儿童中REs的患病率令人担忧，它应该在早期进行纠正，以防止成年后出现进一步的并发症。眼科医生应该生成有关REs患病率的区域数据，在风险人群中提高对预防REs的认识，并利用政府资助的盲人根除计划，为受影响人群和风险人群的更大利益提供全面的眼部护理。
