PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The present investigation examined the oropharyngeal roof of two turtles having different feeding behaviors: the landform Greek tortoise (Testudo graeca graeca) primarily herbivores and the semi-aquatic red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) lives in freshwater that opportunistic omnivorous grossly and by scanning and light microscopes. Grossly, the Greek tortoise had a V-shaped roof consisting of the upper rhamphotheca, peri-palatine region, upper alveolar ridge, peripheral palatine ridge, median palatine ridge, vomer, choanae, caudal palatine part, and pharynx. At the same time, the red-eared slider had a semilunar roof consisting of upper rhamphotheca, two peripheral palatine ridges, core of palatine ridges, upper alveolar band, vomer, choanae, caudal palatine part, and pharynx. SEM revealed that the red-eared slider roof appeared more straightforward. The upper rhamphotheca is sharp, with a median premaxillary notch in the red-eared slider that gives a powerful bite for cutting to compensate absence of the teeth. Additionally, the red-eared slider\'s upper alveolar band is interrupted by a single upper alveolar ridge that appears spiky, pointed, and longer as it needs powerful chewing of prey and there are two types of teeth-like projections at its peri-palatine area for food-crushing and chewing. The Greek tortoise palatine region had numerous ridges and folds to provide roughness for food processing. Greek tortoises had small-sized choanae with two choanal folds to minimize choanal openings when eating dusty grasses. Histologically, Greek tortoise palate was rostrally thicker and more keratinized than caudally, and the caudal palatine region was characterized by a single pair of circumvallate-like papilla with multiple mucous openings and secretions, while red-eared slider palate was slightly keratinized at the peri-choanal region, and the rest of the palate was non-keratinized with few mucous openings. The current investigation found various structural oropharyngeal roof adaptations to feeding behavior in the omnivore red-eared slide compared to the herbivorous Greek turtle.
摘要：
本研究检查了两种具有不同摄食行为的海龟的口咽顶：地形希腊乌龟（Testudograecagraeca）主要是草食动物和半水生红耳滑龟（Trachemysscriptaelegans）生活在淡水中，机会性杂食性和通过扫描和光学显微镜。严重的,希腊乌龟有一个V形的屋顶，由上面的rhamphotheca组成，腭周围区,上牙槽脊,周围腭脊，腭正中脊,vomer,Choanae,腭尾部分,和咽部。同时,红耳滑块有一个由上rhamphotheca组成的半月屋顶，两个周边腭脊,腭脊的核心，上牙槽带，vomer,Choanae,腭尾部分,和咽部。SEM显示，红耳滑块屋顶显得更加简单。上鼻甲很锋利，在红耳滑块上有一个正中的上颌前凹口，为切割提供了强大的咬合，以补偿牙齿的缺失。此外,红耳滑块的上牙槽带被一个看起来尖刺的上牙槽脊打断，尖,更长的时间，因为它需要强力咀嚼猎物，并且在其腭周围区域有两种牙齿状突起，用于压碎和咀嚼食物。希腊乌龟palatine地区有许多山脊和褶皱，为食品加工提供粗糙度。希腊乌龟有小尺寸的choanae，带有两个后鼻孔褶皱，以在吃尘土飞扬的草时最大程度地减少后鼻孔的开口。组织学上,希腊乌龟的the骨比尾更厚，角化更多，尾腭区的特征是一对环状乳头，有多个粘液开口和分泌物，虽然红耳滑腭在后鼻孔周围区域略有角化，其余的上颚没有角化，几乎没有粘液开口。当前的调查发现，与食草的希腊龟相比，杂食动物红耳幻灯片中的各种结构口咽屋顶适应摄食行为。
