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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Glaucoma treatment often involves multi-drug regimens, which can lead to poor adherence and side effects. Fixed-dose combinations aim to improve adherence and reduce side effects compared to traditional therapies. This study aimed to compare the prevalence and clinical characteristics of ocular allergy in glaucoma patients using brinzolamide 1.0%/brimonidine 0.2% fixed combination (BBFC), with and without concurrent β-blocker.
METHODS: Of these, 176 patients used a β-blocker concurrently, whereas 96 patients did not. Allergy prevalence, allergy type, and allergy occurrence time were compared between the concurrent and non-concurrent β-blocker-usage groups. Ocular allergies were classified and evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.
RESULTS: Allergy prevalence was 10.23% and 15.63% (p = 0.193), whereas allergy occurrence time was 15.92 ± 13.80 months and 6.26 ± 6.20 months (p = 0.04) in the concurrent and non-concurrent β-blocker-usage groups, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that half of the allergies in the concurrent β-blocker-usage group occurred within 12.5 months, with the BBFC discontinuation rate gradually increasing up to 36 months. Contrarily, half of the allergies in the non-concurrent β-blocker-usage group occurred within 3.3 months, with a rapid increase in BBFC discontinuation rate the first 6 months. Intergroup differences in allergy types were significant (p = 0.015). Among all patients with allergy, the average allergy occurrence time of blepharoconjunctivitis, papillary conjunctivitis, and follicular conjunctivitis was 12.52, 9.53, and 13.23 months, respectively. Follicular conjunctivitis tended to occur later than papillary conjunctivitis (p = 0.042). In the concurrent β-blocker-usage group, follicular conjunctivitis was the most prevalent allergy type (61.1%), whereas papillary conjunctivitis was the most common (66.7%) in in the non-concurrent β-blocker-usage group.
CONCLUSIONS: Concurrent use of β-blocker with BBFC decreases allergy prevalence, delays allergy onset, and predominantly results in follicular conjunctivitis, thereby facilitating longer treatment duration. Understanding these characteristics of allergy in BBFC users is useful to manage patients and improve treatment adherence. This study provides insights into the role of β-blockers in modulating ocular allergy in BBFC-treated glaucoma patients, highlighting implications for clinical practice and patient education.
METHODS: Of these, 176 patients used a β-blocker concurrently, whereas 96 patients did not. Allergy prevalence, allergy type, and allergy occurrence time were compared between the concurrent and non-concurrent β-blocker-usage groups. Ocular allergies were classified and evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.
RESULTS: Allergy prevalence was 10.23% and 15.63% (p = 0.193), whereas allergy occurrence time was 15.92 ± 13.80 months and 6.26 ± 6.20 months (p = 0.04) in the concurrent and non-concurrent β-blocker-usage groups, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that half of the allergies in the concurrent β-blocker-usage group occurred within 12.5 months, with the BBFC discontinuation rate gradually increasing up to 36 months. Contrarily, half of the allergies in the non-concurrent β-blocker-usage group occurred within 3.3 months, with a rapid increase in BBFC discontinuation rate the first 6 months. Intergroup differences in allergy types were significant (p = 0.015). Among all patients with allergy, the average allergy occurrence time of blepharoconjunctivitis, papillary conjunctivitis, and follicular conjunctivitis was 12.52, 9.53, and 13.23 months, respectively. Follicular conjunctivitis tended to occur later than papillary conjunctivitis (p = 0.042). In the concurrent β-blocker-usage group, follicular conjunctivitis was the most prevalent allergy type (61.1%), whereas papillary conjunctivitis was the most common (66.7%) in in the non-concurrent β-blocker-usage group.
CONCLUSIONS: Concurrent use of β-blocker with BBFC decreases allergy prevalence, delays allergy onset, and predominantly results in follicular conjunctivitis, thereby facilitating longer treatment duration. Understanding these characteristics of allergy in BBFC users is useful to manage patients and improve treatment adherence. This study provides insights into the role of β-blockers in modulating ocular allergy in BBFC-treated glaucoma patients, highlighting implications for clinical practice and patient education.
摘要：
背景：青光眼治疗通常涉及多种药物方案，这可能导致依从性差和副作用。与传统疗法相比，固定剂量组合旨在提高依从性并减少副作用。本研究旨在比较使用1.0％布林佐胺/0.2％溴莫尼定固定组合（BBFC）的青光眼患者眼部过敏的患病率和临床特征。有和没有并发的β受体阻滞剂。
方法：其中，176名患者同时使用β受体阻滞剂，而96例患者没有。过敏患病率，过敏类型,比较了并发和非并发β受体阻滞剂使用组之间的过敏发生时间。使用Kaplan-Meier生存分析对眼部过敏进行分类和评估。
结果：过敏患病率分别为10.23％和15.63％（p=0.193），而过敏发生时间为15.92±13.80个月和6.26±6.20个月(p=0.04)在并发和非并发β受体阻滞剂使用组中,分别。Kaplan-Meier生存分析表明，在使用β受体阻滞剂的患者中，有一半的过敏发生在12.5个月内。随着BBFC停药率逐渐增加，直至36个月。相反，非并发β受体阻滞剂使用组中一半的过敏发生在3.3个月内，随着前6个月BBFC停药率的快速增长。过敏类型的组间差异显着（p=0.015）。在所有过敏患者中，眼睑结膜炎的平均过敏发生时间，乳头状结膜炎,和滤泡性结膜炎分别为12.52、9.53和13.23个月，分别。滤泡性结膜炎的发生时间比乳头状结膜炎晚（p=0.042）。在并发β受体阻滞剂使用组中，滤泡性结膜炎是最常见的过敏类型（61.1％），而乳头状结膜炎在非并发β受体阻滞剂使用组中最常见(66.7%).
结论：与BBFC同时使用β受体阻滞剂可降低过敏患病率，延迟过敏发作，主要导致滤泡性结膜炎，从而促进更长的治疗持续时间。了解BBFC使用者过敏的这些特征有助于管理患者并提高治疗依从性。这项研究提供了对β受体阻滞剂在调节BBFC治疗的青光眼患者眼部过敏中的作用的见解。强调对临床实践和患者教育的影响。
方法：其中，176名患者同时使用β受体阻滞剂，而96例患者没有。过敏患病率，过敏类型,比较了并发和非并发β受体阻滞剂使用组之间的过敏发生时间。使用Kaplan-Meier生存分析对眼部过敏进行分类和评估。
结果：过敏患病率分别为10.23％和15.63％（p=0.193），而过敏发生时间为15.92±13.80个月和6.26±6.20个月(p=0.04)在并发和非并发β受体阻滞剂使用组中,分别。Kaplan-Meier生存分析表明，在使用β受体阻滞剂的患者中，有一半的过敏发生在12.5个月内。随着BBFC停药率逐渐增加，直至36个月。相反，非并发β受体阻滞剂使用组中一半的过敏发生在3.3个月内，随着前6个月BBFC停药率的快速增长。过敏类型的组间差异显着（p=0.015）。在所有过敏患者中，眼睑结膜炎的平均过敏发生时间，乳头状结膜炎,和滤泡性结膜炎分别为12.52、9.53和13.23个月，分别。滤泡性结膜炎的发生时间比乳头状结膜炎晚（p=0.042）。在并发β受体阻滞剂使用组中，滤泡性结膜炎是最常见的过敏类型（61.1％），而乳头状结膜炎在非并发β受体阻滞剂使用组中最常见(66.7%).
结论：与BBFC同时使用β受体阻滞剂可降低过敏患病率，延迟过敏发作，主要导致滤泡性结膜炎，从而促进更长的治疗持续时间。了解BBFC使用者过敏的这些特征有助于管理患者并提高治疗依从性。这项研究提供了对β受体阻滞剂在调节BBFC治疗的青光眼患者眼部过敏中的作用的见解。强调对临床实践和患者教育的影响。
