Abstract：
Although mortality caused by Sarcoptes scabiei has been reported in European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and Iberian hare (Lepus granatensis), there is a lack of detailed information regarding the exposure of wild lagomorph species to this parasite. Here, we aimed to determine the seroprevalence and potential risk factors associated with S. scabiei exposure in European wild rabbits and Iberian hares in Mediterranean ecosystems of southern Spain. Between 2018/2019 and 2021/2022 hunting seasons, serum samples from 464 wild rabbits and 132 Iberian hares were collected from 100 hunting grounds in Andalusia (southern Spain). Sera were tested using an in-house indirect ELISA to detect specific anti-S. scabiei antibodies based on the immunodominant protein Ssλ20ΔB3. The overall apparent individual seroprevalence was 15.9% (95/596; 95%CI: 13.0-18.9). Antibodies against S. scabiei were detected in 11.6% (54/464; 95%CI: 8.7-14.5) of the European wild rabbits and 31.1% (41/132; 95%CI: 23.2-39.0) of the Iberian hares. Species (Iberian hare), age (adults) and geographical area (western Andalusia) were identified as risk factors potentially associated with S. scabiei exposure using generalized estimating equation analysis. By applying spatial analysis, two significant cluster of high seropositivity were detected in western and central Andalusia, respectively. The seroprevalence values obtained provide evidence of endemic, widespread and heterogeneous exposure to S. scabiei among wild lagomorph populations in Spanish Mediterranean ecosystems. Our findings underscore the importance of implementing integrated surveillance programs for sarcoptic mange in wild lagomorphs as well as in other sympatric species.
摘要：
尽管据报道，在欧洲野兔（Oryctolaguscuniculus）和伊比利亚野兔（Lepusgranatensis）中，缺乏有关野生lagomorph物种暴露于这种寄生虫的详细信息。这里,我们的目的是确定西班牙南部地中海生态系统中欧洲野兔和伊比利亚野兔的血清阳性率和潜在危险因素。在2018/2019和2021/2022狩猎季节之间，从安达卢西亚（西班牙南部）的100个猎场收集了464只野兔和132只伊比利亚野兔的血清样本。使用内部间接ELISA检测血清以检测特异性抗S。基于免疫显性蛋白Ssλ20ΔB3的scabiei抗体。总体表观个体血清阳性率为15.9%(95/596;95CI:13.0-18.9)。在11.6％（54/464；95CI：8.7-14.5）的欧洲野兔和31.1％（41/132；95CI：23.2-39.0）的伊比利亚野兔中检测到了针对S.scabiei的抗体。物种（伊比利亚野兔），使用广义估计方程分析,将年龄(成人)和地理区域(安达卢西亚西部)确定为与S.scabiei暴露潜在相关的危险因素.通过应用空间分析，在安达卢西亚西部和中部检测到两个显著的高血清阳性簇，分别。获得的血清阳性率值提供了地方性证据，在西班牙地中海生态系统中，野生泻草种群中对S.scabiei的广泛和异质暴露。我们的发现强调了在野生lagomorphs以及其他同胞物种中实施针对sarcopticmange的综合监测计划的重要性。
