Abstract：
Experimental research on sequential moral behavior (SMB) has found that engaging in an initial moral (or immoral) behavior can sometimes lead to moral balancing (i.e., switching between positive and negative behavior) and sometimes to moral consistency (i.e., maintaining a consistent pattern of positive or negative behavior). In two meta-analyses, we present the first comprehensive syntheses of SMB studies and test moderators to identify the conditions under which moral balancing and moral consistency are most likely to occur. Meta-Analysis 1 (k = 217 effect sizes, N = 31,242) revealed that engaging in an initial positive behavior only reliably resulted in moral licensing (i.e., balancing) in studies that measured engagement in negative target behaviors (Hedges\' g = 0.25, 95% CI [0.16, 0.44]) and only resulted in positive consistency in foot-in-the-door studies using prosocial requests (Hedges\' g = -0.44, 95% CI [-0.59, -0.29]). Meta-Analysis 2 (k = 132 effect sizes, N = 14,443) revealed that engaging in an initial negative behavior only reliably resulted in moral compensation (i.e., balancing) in studies that measured engagement in positive target behaviors (Hedges\' g = 0.27, 95% CI [0.18, 0.37]). We found no evidence for reliable negative consistency effects in any conditions. These results cannot be readily explained by current theories of SMB effects, and so further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms that drive moral balancing and consistency under the conditions observed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
摘要：
对顺序道德行为（SMB）的实验研究发现，从事最初的道德（或不道德）行为有时会导致道德平衡（即，在积极和消极行为之间切换)，有时转向道德一致性(即，保持积极或消极行为的一致模式)。在两个荟萃分析中，我们提出了SMB研究和测试主持人的第一个全面综合，以确定道德平衡和道德一致性最有可能发生的条件。荟萃分析1(k=217效应大小，N=31,242)表明，从事最初的积极行为只会可靠地导致道德许可(即，平衡）在测量消极目标行为的研究中（对冲\'g=0.25，95％CI[0.16，0.44]），并且仅在使用亲社会要求（对冲\'g=-0.44，95％CI[-0.59，-0.29]）的上门研究中产生正一致性。荟萃分析2(k=132效应大小，N=14,443)揭示，从事最初的消极行为只能可靠地导致道德补偿(即，平衡)在测量积极目标行为参与度的研究中(对冲=0.27，95%CI[0.18，0.37])。我们没有发现在任何情况下可靠的负面一致性影响的证据。这些结果不能用当前的SMB效应理论来解释，因此，需要进一步的研究来更好地理解在观察到的条件下推动道德平衡和一致性的机制。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2024APA，保留所有权利)。
