Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Fopius arisanus (Sonan) is an important egg-pupal endoparasitic wasp of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). As traditional method of sorting nonparasitic B. dorsalis from parasitic wasps is labor-intensive, requires specific equipment and poses the risk of spreading fertile hosts, the development of a more convenient, economical and safe sorting procedure is important.
RESULTS: The optimal cyromazine emergence inhibition procedure (CEIP) involved facilitating the pupation of B. dorsalis mature larvae (Bdml) in 3 mg kg-1 cyromazine sand substrate (CSS) for 48 h. When the Bdml that had been exposed to F. arisanus during the egg stage were treated with 3-7 mg kg-1 CSS for 48 h, no negative effects on the emergence parameters of parasitoids were observed. Treatment with 3-4 mg kg-1 CSS had insignificant effects on the biological and behavioral parameters of F. arisanus. However, treatment with 5-6 mg kg-1 CSS adversely affected the fecundity and antennating activity of the wasps; specifically, 6 mg kg-1 CSS negatively affected the lifespan and flight ability of wasps. Fortunately, no transgenerational effects on these parameters were observed in the progeny. Regarding the nutrient reserves of both sexes of F. arisanus, significant dose-dependent effects were observed. Moreover, 5-6 mg kg-1 CSS significantly reduced the protein and carbohydrate content in F. arisanus; in particular, 6 mg kg-1 CSS notably reduced the lipid content.
CONCLUSIONS: CEIP provides a more flexible, economical and safe mass-release program for F. arisanus. In addition, it has profound implications for the biological control of other dipteran pests. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
RESULTS: The optimal cyromazine emergence inhibition procedure (CEIP) involved facilitating the pupation of B. dorsalis mature larvae (Bdml) in 3 mg kg-1 cyromazine sand substrate (CSS) for 48 h. When the Bdml that had been exposed to F. arisanus during the egg stage were treated with 3-7 mg kg-1 CSS for 48 h, no negative effects on the emergence parameters of parasitoids were observed. Treatment with 3-4 mg kg-1 CSS had insignificant effects on the biological and behavioral parameters of F. arisanus. However, treatment with 5-6 mg kg-1 CSS adversely affected the fecundity and antennating activity of the wasps; specifically, 6 mg kg-1 CSS negatively affected the lifespan and flight ability of wasps. Fortunately, no transgenerational effects on these parameters were observed in the progeny. Regarding the nutrient reserves of both sexes of F. arisanus, significant dose-dependent effects were observed. Moreover, 5-6 mg kg-1 CSS significantly reduced the protein and carbohydrate content in F. arisanus; in particular, 6 mg kg-1 CSS notably reduced the lipid content.
CONCLUSIONS: CEIP provides a more flexible, economical and safe mass-release program for F. arisanus. In addition, it has profound implications for the biological control of other dipteran pests. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
摘要：
背景：Fopiusarisanus（Sonan）是背实菌（Hendel）的一种重要的卵-p内寄生黄蜂。由于传统的从寄生黄蜂中分选非寄生背氏芽孢杆菌的方法是劳动密集型的，需要特定的设备，并存在传播肥沃宿主的风险，更方便的发展，经济和安全的分拣程序是重要的。
结果：最佳的cyromazine出现抑制程序（CEIP）涉及在3mgkg-1cyromazine砂基质（CSS）中促进背芽孢杆菌成熟幼虫（Bdml）的化cup。当在卵期暴露于F.arrisanus的Bdml用3-7mgkg-1CSS处理48小时时，未观察到对寄生虫的出现参数的负面影响。用3-4mgkg-1CSS处理对F.arrisanus的生物学和行为参数影响不大。然而,用5-6mgkg-1CSS处理对黄蜂的繁殖力和触角活动产生不利影响；特别是，6mgkg-1CSS对黄蜂的寿命和飞行能力有负面影响。幸运的是,在后代中没有观察到对这些参数的跨代影响。关于阿利萨努斯男女的营养储备，观察到显著的剂量依赖性效应。此外，5-6mgkg-1CSS显着降低了F.arrisanus的蛋白质和碳水化合物含量；特别是，6mgkg-1CSS显着降低了脂质含量。
结论：CEIP提供了更灵活的，阿利萨努斯的经济安全的大规模释放计划。此外,它对其他双翅目害虫的生物防治具有深远的意义。©2024化学工业学会。
结果：最佳的cyromazine出现抑制程序（CEIP）涉及在3mgkg-1cyromazine砂基质（CSS）中促进背芽孢杆菌成熟幼虫（Bdml）的化cup。当在卵期暴露于F.arrisanus的Bdml用3-7mgkg-1CSS处理48小时时，未观察到对寄生虫的出现参数的负面影响。用3-4mgkg-1CSS处理对F.arrisanus的生物学和行为参数影响不大。然而,用5-6mgkg-1CSS处理对黄蜂的繁殖力和触角活动产生不利影响；特别是，6mgkg-1CSS对黄蜂的寿命和飞行能力有负面影响。幸运的是,在后代中没有观察到对这些参数的跨代影响。关于阿利萨努斯男女的营养储备，观察到显著的剂量依赖性效应。此外，5-6mgkg-1CSS显着降低了F.arrisanus的蛋白质和碳水化合物含量；特别是，6mgkg-1CSS显着降低了脂质含量。
结论：CEIP提供了更灵活的，阿利萨努斯的经济安全的大规模释放计划。此外,它对其他双翅目害虫的生物防治具有深远的意义。©2024化学工业学会。
