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Abstract：
African swine fever (ASF) is a fatal disease that threatens the health status of the swine population and thus can impact the economic outcome of the global pig industry. Monitoring the ASF virus (ASFV) is of utmost concern to prevent and control its distribution. This study aims to identify a suitable sampling strategy for ASFV detection in living and deceased pigs under field conditions. A range of samples, comprising tissues obtained from deceased pigs, as well as serum and tonsil swab samples from live pigs, were gathered and subjected to detection using the qPCR method. The findings revealed that the mandibular lymph nodes demonstrated the highest viral loads among superficial tissues, thereby indicating their potential suitability for detecting ASFV in deceased pigs. Additionally, the correlations between virus loads in various tissues have demonstrated that tonsil swab samples are a viable specimen for monitoring live pigs, given the strong associations observed with other tissues. These findings indicated two dependable sample types for the detection of ASFV: mandibular lymph nodes for deceased pigs and tonsil swabs for live pigs, which supply some references for the development of efficacious preventive measures against ASFV.
摘要：
非洲猪瘟（ASF）是一种致命的疾病，威胁着猪群的健康状况，因此可以影响全球养猪业的经济结果。监测ASF病毒（ASFV）是预防和控制其分布的最重要问题。本研究旨在确定在田间条件下对活猪和死猪进行ASFV检测的合适采样策略。一系列的样本，包括从死亡猪身上获得的组织，以及活猪的血清和扁桃体拭子样本，收集并使用qPCR方法进行检测。研究结果表明，下颌淋巴结在浅表组织中表现出最高的病毒载量，从而表明它们在死亡猪中检测ASFV的潜在适用性。此外,各种组织中病毒载量之间的相关性表明，扁桃体拭子样本是监测活猪的可行样本，考虑到与其他组织的强烈关联。这些发现表明了两种可靠的ASFV检测样本类型：死亡猪的下颌淋巴结和活猪的扁桃体拭子，为制定有效的ASFV预防措施提供参考。
