PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The urgent need to shift to renewable energy is highlighted by rising global energy use and environmental issues like global warming from fossil fuel dependency. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) stand out as a promising option, providing high efficiency and potential for cost-effective production. This study delves into the environmental concerns and viable solutions linked with metal-halide PSCs (M-PSCs) and carbon-based electrode PCSs (C-PSCs). It showcases the swift progress in PSC technology, highlighting its potential to deliver efficient and economical renewable energy options. Yet, the environmental implications of these technologies, especially the utilization of toxic lead (Pb) in M-PSCs and the issues of stability and degradation in C-PSCs, represent considerable hurdles for their broad application and sustainability. The paper details the recent advances in PSCs, focusing on enhancements in device efficiency and stability through innovative material combinations and device designs. Nonetheless, the environmental hazards linked to the dispersal of toxic substances from compromised or deteriorating PSCs into the ecosystem raise significant concerns. In particular, the risk of Pb from M-PSCs contaminating soil and aquatic ecosystems is a pressing issue for human and environmental health, spurring investigations into alternative materials and methods to diminish these impacts. The authors examine several strategies, including the introduction of Pb-free perovskites, encapsulation methods to block the escape of hazardous substances, and the recycling of PSC elements. The study stresses the necessity of aligning technological innovations with considerations for the environment and health, calling for ongoing research into PSC technologies that are sustainable and safe. This review highlights the need for detailed assessments of PSC technologies, focusing on their renewable energy contributions, environmental impacts, and strategies to mitigate these effects. The authors call for a cohesive strategy to develop PSCs that are efficient, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and safe for widespread use.
摘要：
全球能源使用的增加和化石燃料依赖导致的全球变暖等环境问题凸显了转向可再生能源的迫切需要。钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）是一个有前途的选择，为具有成本效益的生产提供高效率和潜力。这项研究深入研究了与金属卤化物PSC（M-PSC）和碳基电极PSS（C-PSC）相关的环境问题和可行的解决方案。它展示了PSC技术的快速进步，强调其提供高效和经济的可再生能源选择的潜力。然而，这些技术对环境的影响，特别是M-PSC中有毒铅（Pb）的利用以及C-PSC中的稳定性和降解问题，它们的广泛应用和可持续性面临相当大的障碍。本文详细介绍了PSC的最新进展，通过创新的材料组合和设备设计，专注于增强设备效率和稳定性。尽管如此，与有毒物质从受损或恶化的PSC扩散到生态系统相关的环境危害引起了人们的重大关注。特别是,来自M-PSC的Pb污染土壤和水生生态系统的风险是人类和环境健康的紧迫问题，促进对替代材料和方法的研究，以减少这些影响。作者研究了几种策略，包括引入无铅钙钛矿，阻止有害物质逸出的封装方法，和PSC元素的回收。该研究强调必须使技术创新与环境和健康考虑保持一致，呼吁对可持续和安全的PSC技术进行持续研究。这篇综述强调了对PSC技术进行详细评估的必要性，专注于他们的可再生能源贡献，环境影响,以及减轻这些影响的策略。作者呼吁有凝聚力的策略来开发有效的PSC，成本效益高,环保,和安全的广泛使用。
