PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Alzheimer\'s disease (AD) is a serious dementia afflicting aging population and is characterized by cognitive decline, amyloid-β plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles. AD substantially impairs the life quality of the victims and poses a heavy burden on the society at large. The number of people with dementia due to AD, prodromal AD, and preclinical AD is estimated to stand at roughly 3.2, 69, and 315 million worldwide, respectively. Current clinical diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms, and clinical research demonstrated that positron emission tomography (PET) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers had excellent diagnostic performance. However, the application of CSF biomarker tests and PET are restricted by the invasiveness and high cost. The presence of clinical symptoms means that AD pathology has been progressing for many years, and only a few drugs have been approved for the traetemnt of AD. Therefore, early diagnosis is extremely important for controlling the outcomes caused by AD. In this review, we provided an overview of developing clinical diagnostic criteria, diagnostic strategies under clinical research, developing blood based-biomarker assays, and promising nanotechnologically-based assays.
摘要：
阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’sdisease,AD)是一种严重的老年痴呆症,以认知功能下降为特征,淀粉样蛋白-β斑块，和神经原纤维缠结。AD极大地损害了受害者的生活质量，并给整个社会带来了沉重负担。由AD引起的痴呆症患者的数量，前驱AD,据估计，全球临床前AD约为3.2亿、69亿和3.15亿，分别。目前的临床诊断是基于临床症状，临床研究表明，正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和脑脊液（CSF）生物标志物具有出色的诊断性能。然而,CSF生物标志物检测和PET的应用受到侵袭性和高成本的限制。临床症状的存在意味着AD病理已进步多年，只有少数药物被批准用于AD的治疗。因此,早期诊断对于控制AD的结局极为重要.在这次审查中,我们提供了制定临床诊断标准的概述，临床研究中的诊断策略，开发基于血液的生物标志物检测，和有前途的基于纳米技术的检测。
