Abstract：
This study sought to investigate if heterosexual-couple parents with adolescent children following identity-release oocyte donation (OD), sperm donation (SD) or standard IVF differed with regard to psychological distress, family functioning, and parent-child relationships. The prospective longitudinal Swedish Study on Gamete Donation consists of couples recruited when starting treatment between 2005 and 2008 from seven Swedish university hospitals providing gamete donation. This study concerns the fifth wave of data collection and included a total of 205 mothers and fathers with adolescent children following OD (n = 73), SD (n = 67), or IVF with own gametes (n = 65). OD/SD parents had used identity-release donation and most had disclosed the donor conception to their child. Parents answered validated instruments measuring symptoms of anxiety and depression (HADS), family functioning (GF6+) and parent-child relationship. Results found that parents following OD or SD did not differ significantly from IVF-parents with regard to symptoms of anxiety and depression, family functioning, and perceived closeness and conflicts with their child. Irrespective of treatment group, most parents were within normal range on psychological distress and family functioning and reported positive parent-child relationships. However, SD mothers to a larger extent reported anxiety symptoms above cut-off compared to OD mothers (31% vs. 7.3%, p = 0.018). In conclusion, the present results add to previous research by including families with adolescent children following identity-release oocyte and sperm donation, most of whom were aware of their donor conception. Largely, our results confirm that the use of gamete donation does not interfere negatively with mothers\' and fathers\' psychological well-being and perceived family functioning.
摘要：
这项研究试图调查身份释放卵母细胞捐赠（OD）后是否异性恋夫妇父母与青春期孩子，精子捐赠(SD)或标准试管婴儿在心理困扰方面有所不同，家庭功能,和父子关系。瑞典配子捐赠的前瞻性纵向研究包括在2005年至2008年之间从七家提供配子捐赠的瑞典大学医院开始治疗时招募的夫妇。这项研究涉及第五波数据收集，包括总共205名母亲和父亲，他们在OD（n=73）之后有青春期的孩子，SD（n=67），或IVF与自己的配子（n=65）。OD/SD父母使用了身份释放捐赠，大多数人都向他们的孩子透露了捐赠者的概念。父母回答了经过验证的测量焦虑和抑郁症（HADS）症状的仪器，家庭功能（GF6+）和亲子关系。结果发现，OD或SD后的父母在焦虑和抑郁症状方面与IVF父母没有显着差异，家庭功能,与孩子的亲密关系和冲突。无论治疗组如何，大多数父母在心理困扰和家庭功能方面都在正常范围内，并报告了积极的亲子关系。然而,与OD母亲相比，SD母亲在更大程度上报告了高于临界值的焦虑症状(31%vs.7.3%，p=0.018)。总之,本研究结果增加了以前的研究，包括身份释放卵母细胞和精子捐赠后有青春期儿童的家庭，他们中的大多数人都知道他们的捐赠者的概念。很大程度上,我们的结果证实,使用配子捐赠不会对母亲和父亲的心理健康和感知的家庭功能产生负面影响.
