Abstract：
Neurokinin receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors that were first identified in the central and peripheral nervous systems. However these receptors were later found in other types of cells, therefore, new perspectives concerning their novel roles were described. Mammalian has three neurokinin receptors, among which neurokinin-1 receptors [NK1R] have been indicated to be involved in most, if not all, intracellular functions, primarily the regulation of cell proliferation. By interacting with its potent agonist, substance P [SP], NK1R can engage a variety of signaling pathways and serve as a platform for cells to proliferate by regulating the expression of the cell cycle-related genes. Furthermore, the activity of SP/NK1R is stimulated by various oncogenes, indicating the involvement of this pathway in human cancers. As a result, numerous NK1R antagonists have been investigated in oncology trials, and the promising anti-- cancer effect of these receptors has opened up new possibilities for incorporating these antagonists into cancer treatment. Considering these factors, gaining a deeper understanding of the SP/NK1R pathway could offer significant advantages for cancer patients. The more knowledge we acquire about this pathway, the greater the potential for exploiting it in the development of effective treatment strategies. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the current knowledge pertaining to the biological function of the SP/NK1R, with a specific emphasis on its recently discovered role in the regulation of cell proliferation. Moreover, we provide insights into the impact of this pathway in human cancers, along with an overview of the most significant NK1R antagonists currently utilized in cancer research studies.
摘要：
神经激肽受体是首先在中枢和周围神经系统中鉴定的G蛋白偶联受体家族。然而，这些受体后来在其他类型的细胞中发现，因此,描述了关于他们新角色的新观点。哺乳动物有三种神经激肽受体,其中神经激肽-1受体[NK1R]已被表明参与大多数，如果不是全部,细胞内功能，主要是细胞增殖的调节。通过与其有效的激动剂相互作用，物质P[SP]，NK1R可以参与多种信号通路,通过调控细胞周期相关基因的表达,成为细胞增殖的平台。此外，SP/NK1R的活性受到各种癌基因的刺激，表明该途径参与人类癌症。因此,许多NK1R拮抗剂已经在肿瘤学试验中进行了研究，这些受体有希望的抗癌作用为将这些拮抗剂纳入癌症治疗开辟了新的可能性。考虑到这些因素,更深入地了解SP/NK1R通路可以为癌症患者提供显著优势.我们获得的关于这条道路的知识越多，开发有效治疗策略的潜力就越大。这里,我们对有关SP/NK1R的生物学功能的现有知识进行了全面的回顾，特别强调其最近发现的在细胞增殖调节中的作用。此外，我们提供了这种途径在人类癌症中的影响的见解，以及目前用于癌症研究的最重要的NK1R拮抗剂的概述。
