Abstract：
Cannabis, often recognized as the most widely used illegal psychoactive substance globally, has seen a shift in its legal status in several countries and regions for both recreational and medicinal uses. This change has brought to light new evidence linking cannabis consumption to various vascular conditions. Specifically, there is an association between cannabis use and atherosclerosis, along with conditions such as arteritis, reversible vasospasm, and incidents of aortic aneurysm or dissection. Recent research has started to reveal the mechanisms connecting cannabinoid compounds to atherosclerosis development. It is well known that the primary biological roles of cannabinoids operate through the activation of cannabinoid receptor types 1 and 2. Manipulation of the endocannabinoid system, either genetically or pharmacologically, is emerging as a promising approach to address metabolic dysfunctions related to obesity. Additionally, numerous studies have demonstrated the vasorelaxant properties and potential atheroprotective benefits of cannabinoids. In preclinical trials, cannabidiol is being explored as a treatment option for monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. Although existing literature suggests a direct role of cannabinoids in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, the correlation between cannabinoids and other vascular diseases was only reported in some case series or observational studies, and its role and precise mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize and update previously published studies. This review article aims to summarize the latest clinical and experimental research findings on the relationship between cannabis use and vascular diseases. It also seeks to shed light on the potential mechanisms underlying these associations, offering a comprehensive view of current knowledge in this evolving field of study.
摘要：
大麻,通常被认为是全球使用最广泛的非法精神活性物质，在几个国家和地区，其娱乐和医疗用途的法律地位发生了变化。这一变化揭示了将大麻消费与各种血管状况联系起来的新证据。具体来说,大麻的使用与动脉粥样硬化有关联,连同动脉炎等疾病，可逆性血管痉挛,和主动脉瘤或夹层的事件。最近的研究已经开始揭示大麻素化合物与动脉粥样硬化发展的连接机制。众所周知,大麻素的主要生物学作用通过激活1型和2型大麻素受体起作用。操纵内源性大麻素系统，无论是遗传还是药理学，正在成为解决与肥胖相关的代谢功能障碍的一种有前途的方法。此外,大量研究已经证明了大麻素的血管舒张特性和潜在的动脉粥样硬化保护作用.在临床前试验中,正在探索大麻二酚作为野百合碱诱导的肺动脉高压的治疗选择。尽管现有文献表明大麻素在动脉粥样硬化的发病机理中具有直接作用，大麻素与其他血管疾病之间的相关性仅在某些病例系列或观察性研究中报道，其作用和确切机制尚不清楚。因此,有必要总结和更新以前发表的研究。本文旨在总结大麻使用与血管疾病关系的最新临床和实验研究成果。它还试图阐明这些关联背后的潜在机制，在这个不断发展的研究领域提供当前知识的全面视图。
