Abstract：
Atherosclerosis is a causative factor associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Over the past few decades, extensive research has been carried out on the relationship between the n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio of ingested lipids and the progression of atherosclerosis. However, there are still many uncertainties regarding the precise nature of this relationship, which has led to challenges in providing sound dietary advice to the general public. There is therefore a pressing need to review our current understanding of the relationship between the dietary n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio and atherosclerosis, and to summarize the underlying factors contributing to the current uncertainties. Initially, this article reviews the association between the n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio and CVDs in different countries. A summary of the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio on atherosclerosis is then given, including inflammatory responses, lipid metabolism, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol oxidation, and vascular function. Possible reasons behind the current controversies on the relationship between the n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio and atherosclerosis are then provided, including the precise molecular structures of the fatty acids, diet-gene interactions, the role of fat-soluble phytochemicals, and the impact of other nutritional factors. An important objective of this article is to highlight areas where further research is needed to clarify the role of n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio on atherosclerosis.
摘要：
动脉粥样硬化是与心血管疾病（CVD）相关的致病因素。在过去的几十年里，已经对摄入脂质的n-6/n-3脂肪酸比例与动脉粥样硬化进展之间的关系进行了广泛的研究。然而,关于这种关系的确切性质仍然存在许多不确定性，这导致了向公众提供合理饮食建议的挑战。因此，迫切需要回顾我们目前对饮食中n-6/n-3脂肪酸比例与动脉粥样硬化之间关系的理解。并总结造成当前不确定性的潜在因素。最初，本文综述了不同国家n-6/n-3脂肪酸比值与CVDs之间的关系。然后总结了目前对n-6/n-3脂肪酸比例对动脉粥样硬化的分子机制的理解，包括炎症反应，脂质代谢，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇氧化，和血管功能。然后提供了当前关于n-6/n-3脂肪酸比率与动脉粥样硬化之间关系的争议背后的可能原因。包括脂肪酸的精确分子结构，饮食-基因相互作用，脂溶性植物化学物质的作用，以及其他营养因素的影响。本文的一个重要目的是强调需要进一步研究的领域，以阐明n-6/n-3脂肪酸比例对动脉粥样硬化的作用。
