Abstract：
Canine ovarian epithelial tumours (OETs) are currently divided into ovarian adenomas and carcinomas, which are further inconsistently subclassified as papillary or cystic, whereas in human medicine, OETs are subdivided into several subtypes. This study aimed to establish clear morphological features enabling more consistent distinction between benign OETs and ovarian carcinomas (OvCas) as well as defining different histopathological patterns of canine OvCas. Analysis revealed a mitotic count threshold of >2 as a potential criterion for differentiating OvCas from benign OETs. Alongside ovarian adenomas, ovarian borderline tumours were introduced as a distinct category among benign OETs. OvCas exhibited five different histopathological patterns, namely papillary, solid with tubular differentiation, micropapillary, cystic and sarcomatous. Since some OvCas can morphologically overlap with other ovarian tumours, the expression of cytokeratin 7, a cytokeratin expressed in ovarian epithelium, was assessed and proved helpful, although it was not expressed in all cases. Furthermore, we investigated the expression of 14-3-3σ and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). Based on the frequent expression of 14-3-3σ, this marker appears to have a role in canine OETs since it is not expressed in normal canine ovaries. The infrequent expression of COX-2 suggests that it is a poor candidate as a potential therapeutic target in canine OvCas.
摘要：
犬卵巢上皮性肿瘤（OET）目前分为卵巢腺瘤和癌，进一步不一致地分为乳头状或囊性，而在人类医学中，OET被细分为几个亚型。这项研究旨在建立清晰的形态学特征，从而在良性OET和卵巢癌（OvCas）之间进行更一致的区分，并定义犬OvCas的不同组织病理学模式。分析显示，有丝分裂计数阈值>2是区分OvCas与良性OET的潜在标准。除了卵巢腺瘤，在良性OET中，卵巢交界性肿瘤被引入为一个独特的类别。OvCas表现出五种不同的组织病理学模式，即乳头状，实性与管状分化，微乳头状，囊性和肉瘤。由于某些OvCas在形态上可以与其他卵巢肿瘤重叠，细胞角蛋白7的表达，一种在卵巢上皮中表达的细胞角蛋白，被评估并证明是有帮助的，尽管并非在所有情况下都有表达。此外，我们研究了14-3-3σ和环氧合酶2（COX-2）的表达。根据14-3-3σ的频繁表达式，该标记似乎在犬OET中起作用，因为它在正常犬卵巢中不表达。COX-2的不常见表达表明，它是犬OvCas中潜在治疗靶标的不良候选物。
