PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This study aimed to investigate how the presence of co-morbid conditions influenced antimicrobial usage as presumptive prophylaxis for suspected bacteremia in dogs and cats undergoing dental treatments at primary care veterinary clinics in the United States. In 2020, data was collected from 1076 veterinary clinics across 44 US states. A total of 681,541 general anesthesia dental procedures were conducted on 592,472 dogs and 89,069 cats. This revealed that systemic antimicrobials were administered in 8.8% of dog procedures and 7.8% of cat procedures in the absence of concurrent periodontal disease or extractions. Cefpodoxime, clindamycin, and amoxicillin-clavulanate were the most frequently used antimicrobials in dogs, while cefovecin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and clindamycin topped the list for cats. Dogs with cardiovascular, hepato-renal, and endocrine co-morbidities, as well as those undergoing concurrent removal of cutaneous or subcutaneous neoplasia, displayed higher antimicrobial use. Similarly, cats with endocrine or hepato-renal disease, retroviral infection (i.e., feline leukemia virus (FeLV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)), and concurrent removal of cutaneous or subcutaneous neoplasia exhibited increased antimicrobial use. Dogs with hepato-renal abnormalities had longer treatment durations compared to those without (10.1 vs. 9.6 days). Conversely, cats with concurrent removal of cutaneous or subcutaneous neoplasia had shorter durations of treatment as compared to those that did not have this procedure performed (8.4 vs 9.2 days). The findings of this study underscore the necessity for further research and collaboration within the veterinary community to develop evidence-based guidelines, promoting responsible antimicrobial use, and advancing the field of veterinary dentistry for enhanced patient outcomes.
摘要：
这项研究旨在调查共病的存在如何影响抗菌药物的使用，作为在美国初级保健兽医诊所接受牙科治疗的狗和猫的疑似菌血症的推定预防。2020年，数据来自美国44个州的1076家兽医诊所。总共对592,472只狗和89,069只猫进行了681,541次全身麻醉牙科手术。这表明，在没有并发牙周病或拔牙的情况下，在8.8％的狗程序和7.8％的猫程序中使用了全身性抗微生物剂。头孢泊肟,克林霉素,阿莫西林-克拉维酸是狗最常用的抗菌药物，而cefovecin,阿莫西林-克拉维酸，而克林霉素在猫中名列前茅。有心血管疾病的狗，肝肾，和内分泌合并症，以及同时切除皮肤或皮下肿瘤的患者，显示出较高的抗菌药物使用。同样，患有内分泌或肝肾疾病的猫，逆转录病毒感染(即，猫白血病病毒（FeLV），猫免疫缺陷病毒（FIV）），同时切除皮肤或皮下肿瘤显示抗菌药物的使用增加。与没有肝肾异常的狗相比，有更长的治疗持续时间（10.1vs.9.6天）。相反，与未进行此手术的猫相比，同时切除皮肤或皮下肿瘤的猫的治疗持续时间较短（8.4天vs9.2天）。这项研究的结果强调了在兽医社区内进一步研究和合作以制定循证指南的必要性。促进负责任的抗菌药物使用，并推进兽医牙科领域，以提高患者的治疗效果。
