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Abstract：
Background There is an increase in the geriatric population globally. Also, in Saudi Arabia, the elderly population is expected to become a significant proportion of the total population in future decades. To provide comprehensive care to the geriatric population, an assessment of their functional capacity is crucial. Objectives This study aims to assess functional capacity and identify factors associated with functional impairment among geriatric patients at primary healthcare centers (PHCCs) in Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 310 geriatric patients, including 155 males and 155 females, attending PHCCs. An interviewer-administered survey was conducted from June through October 2023. The interviews were conducted by trained physicians. To assess functional capacity, the Katz index of independence in activities of daily living (Katz ADL), the Lawton-Brody instrumental activities of daily living (Lawton-Brody IADL) scale, and Wudu (ablution) performance were used as assessment tools. The data was collected via a Google Form (Google LLC, California, USA) through an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The data was analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 21 (IBM Corp. Released 2012. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). Results The mean age of the study participants was 71.9 (±7.02) years. A vast majority (91.9%) had chronic diseases. Among basic ADL, the respondents had a high level of independence in feeding (99.4%) and transferring (95.5%), while there was a low level of independence in bathing (13.2%). The analysis of the Lawton-Brody IADL showed independence in medication management (75.8%) and telephone use (72.9%); however, 54.8% of the study participants were unable to perform laundry-related activities independently. Around three-fourths (76.8%) of the study participants were able to perform Wudu independently. IADL independence was statistically significantly associated (p<0.001) with age, gender, education, and chronic diseases. The Katz ADL and Lawton-Brody IADL were correlated (r=0.607, p<0.0001), and Wudu performance was positively correlated with both indices (r=0.636, r=0.60, p<0.0001). Conclusions Assessing elderly functional capacity and addressing the risk factors of functional impairment is crucial to improving the quality of life in this segment of the population. Future research is needed to validate the use of Wudu performance as an assessment tool for functional capacity in the elderly population.
摘要：
背景技术全球老年人口正在增加。此外，在沙特阿拉伯,预计未来几十年，老年人口将占总人口的很大一部分。为老年人群提供全面护理,评估他们的职能能力至关重要。目的本研究旨在评估Qassim地区初级保健中心（PHCC）的老年患者的功能能力并确定与功能损害相关的因素。沙特阿拉伯。方法对310例老年患者进行横断面研究，包括155名男性和155名女性，参加PHCC。面试官管理的调查从6月到2023年10月进行。访谈是由训练有素的医生进行的。为了评估功能能力，卡茨日常生活活动独立性指数(KatzADL)，劳顿-布罗迪日常生活工具活动(劳顿-布罗迪IADL)量表，和武都(沐浴)性能被用作评估工具。数据是通过谷歌表格(谷歌有限责任公司，加州,美国)通过面试官管理的问卷。使用SPSSStatistics21版(IBMCorp.2012年发布IBMSPSSStatisticsforWindows,版本21.0。Armonk,纽约：IBM公司).结果研究参与者的平均年龄为71.9(±7.02)岁。绝大多数（91.9％）患有慢性疾病。在基本ADL中，受访者在喂养(99.4%)和转移(95.5%)方面有很高的独立性，而洗澡的独立性水平较低(13.2%)。对Lawton-BrodyIADL的分析表明，药物管理（75.8％）和电话使用（72.9％）是独立的；但是，54.8%的研究参与者无法独立进行洗衣相关活动。大约四分之三(76.8%)的研究参与者能够独立完成武都。IADL独立性与年龄有统计学意义（p<0.001），性别,教育,和慢性疾病。KatzADL和Lawton-BrodyIADL相关(r=0.607，p<0.0001)，武都绩效与两项指标均呈正相关(r=0.636,r=0.60,p<0.0001)。结论评估老年人的功能能力并解决功能损害的危险因素对于改善该人群的生活质量至关重要。未来的研究需要验证使用武都绩效作为评估老年人群功能能力的工具。
