PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Transfer RNAs have been extensively explored as the molecules that translate the genetic code into proteins. At this interface of genetics and biochemistry, tRNAs direct the efficiency of every major step of translation by interacting with a multitude of binding partners. However, due to the variability of tRNA sequences and the abundance of diverse post-transcriptional modifications, a guidebook linking tRNA sequences to specific translational outcomes has yet to be elucidated. Here, we review substantial efforts that have collectively uncovered tRNA engineering principles that can be used as a guide for the tuning of translation fidelity. These principles have allowed for the development of basic research, expansion of the genetic code with non-canonical amino acids, and tRNA therapeutics.
摘要：
转移RNA作为将遗传密码翻译成蛋白质的分子已被广泛探索。在遗传学和生物化学的交界处，tRNA通过与许多结合配偶体相互作用来指导翻译的每个主要步骤的效率。然而,由于tRNA序列的可变性和丰富的不同转录后修饰，将tRNA序列与特定翻译结果联系起来的指南尚未阐明。这里,我们回顾了大量的努力，这些努力共同揭示了tRNA工程原理，这些原理可以用作调整翻译保真度的指南。这些原则使基础研究得以发展,用非规范氨基酸扩展遗传密码，和tRNA疗法。
