PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The intestinal microbiota assumes a pivotal role in modulating host metabolism, immune responses, overall health, and additional physiological dimensions. The structural and functional characteristics of the intestinal microbiota may cause alterations within the host\'s body to a certain extent. The composition of the gut microbiota is associated with environmental factors, dietary habits, and other pertinent conditions. The investigation into the gut microbiota of yaks remained relatively underexplored. An examination of yak gut microbiota holds promise in elucidating the complex relationship between microbial communities and the adaptive responses of the host to its environment. In this study, yak were selected from two distinct environmental conditions: those raised in sheds (NS, n=6) and grazed in Nimu County (NF, n=6). Fecal samples were collected from the yaks and subsequently processed for analysis through 16S rDNA and ITS sequencing methodologies. The results revealed that different feeding styles result in significant differences in the Alpha diversity of fungi in the gut of yaks, while the gut microbiota of captive yaks was relatively conserved. In addition, significant differences appeared in the abundance of microorganisms in different taxa, phylum Verrucomicrobiota was significantly enriched in group NF while Firmicutes was higher in group NS. At the genus level, Akkermansia, Paenibacillus, Roseburia, Dorea, UCG_012, Anaerovorax and Marvinbryantia were enriched in group NF while Desemzia, Olsenella, Kocuria, Ornithinimicrobium and Parvibacter were higher in group NS (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was a significant difference in the function of gut microbiota between the two groups. The observed variations are likely influenced by differences in feeding methods and environmental conditions both inside and outside the pen. The findings of this investigation offer prospective insights into enhancing the yak breeding and expansion of the yak industry.
摘要：
肠道微生物群在调节宿主代谢中起着关键作用，免疫反应，整体健康,和额外的生理维度。肠道微生物群的结构和功能特征可能在一定程度上引起宿主体内的改变。肠道微生物群的组成与环境因素有关，饮食习惯，和其他相关条件。对牦牛肠道菌群的研究仍相对不足。对牦牛肠道微生物群的研究有望阐明微生物群落与宿主对其环境的适应性反应之间的复杂关系。在这项研究中,牦牛是从两个不同的环境条件中选择的：在棚子中饲养的牦牛(NS，n=6）并在尼木县放牧（NF，n=6)。从牦牛收集粪便样品,随后处理用于通过16SrDNA和ITS测序方法进行分析。结果表明,不同的饲养方式导致牦牛肠道真菌Alpha多样性存在显著差异,而圈养牦牛的肠道菌群相对保守。此外,不同分类群的微生物丰度存在显著差异，NF组的针叶草微生物区显着富集，而NS组则较高。在属一级，Akkermansia,拟芽孢杆菌,罗斯布里亚,Dorea,UCG_012，Anaerovorax和Marvinbryantia在NF组中富集，而Desemzia，Olsenella,Kocuria,NS组鸟氨酸和副杆菌属较高（P<0.05或P<0.01）。两组之间的肠道菌群功能存在显着差异。观察到的变化可能受到围栏内部和外部的喂养方法和环境条件差异的影响。这项调查的结果为增强牦牛的繁殖和扩大牦牛产业提供了前瞻性见解。
