Abstract：
Globally, one of the most prevalent cancers is colorectal cancer (CRC). Chemotherapy and surgery are two common conventional CRC therapies that are frequently ineffective and have serious adverse effects. Thus, there is a need for complementary and different therapeutic approaches. The use of microbial metabolites to trigger epigenetic alterations as a way of preventing CRC is one newly emerging field of inquiry. Small chemicals called microbial metabolites, which are made by microbes and capable of altering host cell behaviour, are created. Recent research has demonstrated that these metabolites can lead to epigenetic modifications such as histone modifications, DNA methylation, and non-coding RNA regulation, which can control gene expression and affect cellular behaviour. This review highlights the current knowledge on the epigenetic modification for cancer treatment, immunomodulatory and anti-carcinogenic attributes of microbial metabolites, gut epigenetic targeting system, and the role of dietary fibre and gut microbiota in cancer treatment. It also focuses on short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrates (which are generated by microbes), and their cancer treatment perspective, challenges, and limitations, as well as state-of-the-art research on microbial metabolites-induced epigenetic changes for CRC inhibition. In conclusion, the present work highlights the potential of microbial metabolites-induced epigenetic modifications as a novel therapeutic strategy for CRC suppression and guides future research directions in this dynamic field.
摘要：
全球范围内,最常见的癌症之一是结直肠癌(CRC)。化疗和手术是两种常见的常规CRC疗法，通常无效且具有严重的不良反应。因此，需要补充和不同的治疗方法。使用微生物代谢物触发表观遗传改变作为预防CRC的一种方法是一个新兴的研究领域。称为微生物代谢物的小化学物质，它们是由微生物产生的，能够改变宿主细胞的行为，被创建。最近的研究表明，这些代谢物可以导致表观遗传修饰，如组蛋白修饰，DNA甲基化，和非编码RNA调控，可以控制基因表达并影响细胞行为。这篇综述强调了目前关于癌症治疗的表观遗传修饰的知识，微生物代谢物的免疫调节和抗癌特性，肠道表观遗传靶向系统，以及膳食纤维和肠道菌群在癌症治疗中的作用。它还专注于短链脂肪酸，尤其是丁酸盐（由微生物产生），以及他们的癌症治疗观点，挑战,和限制，以及对微生物代谢物诱导的CRC抑制的表观遗传变化的最新研究。总之,本研究突出了微生物代谢产物诱导的表观遗传修饰作为CRC抑制新治疗策略的潜力,并指导了这一动态领域的未来研究方向.
