Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Preoperative anxiety is considered a common part of the surgerical experience and can be associated with serious postoperative side effects. This study aims to determine the relationship between preoperative anxiety level and postoperative pain outcomes in patients undergoing total hip replacement (THR) and total knee replacement (TKR).
METHODS: The study used a cross-sectional and correlational research method.
METHODS: The study was conducted with a total of 104 participants, who underwent 17 THR and 87 TKR, at the Orthopedic Clinic of a state hospital in southern Turkey between June 2021 and June 2022. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to determine preoperative anxiety level, and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R) were used to assess postoperative pain level.
RESULTS: The mean preoperative STAI-I and STAI-II scores of the participants who underwent THR and TKR were 53.95 ± 10.51 and 44.20 ± 10.55, respectively. There was a moderate positive correlation between STAI-I scores and VAS pain scores at preoperative and postoperative 6th, 12th, 24th, and 36th hours. There was a moderate positive correlation between STAI-I scores and affective subdimension scores, a moderate positive correlation with pain severity and sleep interference and activity interference, and a weak positive correlation between STAI-II scores and pain severity and sleep interference, activity interference and affective. The factors independently affecting the 6th-hour VAS pain score were determined as male gender, THR procedure, and increasing STAI score.
CONCLUSIONS: We found that high preoperative state anxiety was associated with early postoperative pain outcomes. State anxiety was associated with pain in the 6th postoperative hour. Considering the multidimensional nature of anxiety, further research is recommended to understand the anxiety domain in surgical patients.
METHODS: The study used a cross-sectional and correlational research method.
METHODS: The study was conducted with a total of 104 participants, who underwent 17 THR and 87 TKR, at the Orthopedic Clinic of a state hospital in southern Turkey between June 2021 and June 2022. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to determine preoperative anxiety level, and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R) were used to assess postoperative pain level.
RESULTS: The mean preoperative STAI-I and STAI-II scores of the participants who underwent THR and TKR were 53.95 ± 10.51 and 44.20 ± 10.55, respectively. There was a moderate positive correlation between STAI-I scores and VAS pain scores at preoperative and postoperative 6th, 12th, 24th, and 36th hours. There was a moderate positive correlation between STAI-I scores and affective subdimension scores, a moderate positive correlation with pain severity and sleep interference and activity interference, and a weak positive correlation between STAI-II scores and pain severity and sleep interference, activity interference and affective. The factors independently affecting the 6th-hour VAS pain score were determined as male gender, THR procedure, and increasing STAI score.
CONCLUSIONS: We found that high preoperative state anxiety was associated with early postoperative pain outcomes. State anxiety was associated with pain in the 6th postoperative hour. Considering the multidimensional nature of anxiety, further research is recommended to understand the anxiety domain in surgical patients.
摘要：
目的：术前焦虑被认为是手术经验的常见部分，可能与严重的术后副作用有关。本研究旨在确定全髋关节置换术（THR）和全膝关节置换术（TKR）患者术前焦虑水平与术后疼痛结果之间的关系。
方法：本研究采用横断面和相关研究方法。
方法：本研究共有104名参与者，经历了17次THR和87次TKR，2021年6月至2022年6月在土耳其南部一家州立医院的骨科诊所就诊。状态特质焦虑量表（STAI）用于确定术前焦虑水平，使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）和修订的美国疼痛协会患者结局问卷（APS-POQ-R）评估术后疼痛水平。
结果：接受THR和TKR的参与者的术前平均STAI-I和STAI-II评分分别为53.95±10.51和44.20±10.55。术前和术后6时,STAI-I评分与VAS疼痛评分呈中度正相关,12th,24日,36小时。STAI-I得分与情感子维度得分呈中度正相关,与疼痛严重程度、睡眠干扰和活动干扰呈中度正相关，STAI-II评分与疼痛严重程度和睡眠干扰之间呈弱正相关，活动干扰和情感。将影响第6小时VAS疼痛评分的独立因素确定为男性，THR程序,增加STAI分数。
结论：我们发现高的术前状态焦虑与术后早期疼痛结果相关。状态焦虑与术后第6小时的疼痛有关。考虑到焦虑的多维性质，建议进一步研究以了解手术患者的焦虑领域。
方法：本研究采用横断面和相关研究方法。
方法：本研究共有104名参与者，经历了17次THR和87次TKR，2021年6月至2022年6月在土耳其南部一家州立医院的骨科诊所就诊。状态特质焦虑量表（STAI）用于确定术前焦虑水平，使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）和修订的美国疼痛协会患者结局问卷（APS-POQ-R）评估术后疼痛水平。
结果：接受THR和TKR的参与者的术前平均STAI-I和STAI-II评分分别为53.95±10.51和44.20±10.55。术前和术后6时,STAI-I评分与VAS疼痛评分呈中度正相关,12th,24日,36小时。STAI-I得分与情感子维度得分呈中度正相关,与疼痛严重程度、睡眠干扰和活动干扰呈中度正相关，STAI-II评分与疼痛严重程度和睡眠干扰之间呈弱正相关，活动干扰和情感。将影响第6小时VAS疼痛评分的独立因素确定为男性，THR程序,增加STAI分数。
结论：我们发现高的术前状态焦虑与术后早期疼痛结果相关。状态焦虑与术后第6小时的疼痛有关。考虑到焦虑的多维性质，建议进一步研究以了解手术患者的焦虑领域。
