Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Chocolate is a popular food that may affect the activity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a single dose of dark or milk chocolate on ANS cardiac control during rest and mental stress induced by the Stroop test (ST).
UNASSIGNED: Healthy participants, divided into DARK or MILK chocolate groups, ingested corresponding type of chocolate (1 g/kg body weight). They underwent measurement of ANS during relaxation and ST before and 2 h after chocolate consumption. ANS control was assessed by determination of heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability using parameters related to complex autonomic modulation (TP, SDNN) or primary vagal modulation (HFnu, RMSSD).
UNASSIGNED: HR was always increased during ST in both groups. Relaxation HR values after chocolate ingestion were higher only in the DARK chocolate group. During ST, values of TP, SDNN and HFnu decreased before and after chocolate ingestion in the DARK group, but only before chocolate ingestion in the MILK group. RMSSD values decreased during ST before and after chocolate ingestion in both groups. Relaxation TP, RMSSD and HFnu values after chocolate ingestion were lower in the DARK but not in the MILK group.
UNASSIGNED: The results suggest that even a single dose of milk chocolate attenuates changes in ANS cardiac control induced by mental stress, whereas a single dose of dark chocolate has an activating effect on the heart via modification of ANS cardiac control at rest. Different levels of sugars and cocoa biologically active compounds in the two types of chocolate could explain the observed effects.
UNASSIGNED: Healthy participants, divided into DARK or MILK chocolate groups, ingested corresponding type of chocolate (1 g/kg body weight). They underwent measurement of ANS during relaxation and ST before and 2 h after chocolate consumption. ANS control was assessed by determination of heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability using parameters related to complex autonomic modulation (TP, SDNN) or primary vagal modulation (HFnu, RMSSD).
UNASSIGNED: HR was always increased during ST in both groups. Relaxation HR values after chocolate ingestion were higher only in the DARK chocolate group. During ST, values of TP, SDNN and HFnu decreased before and after chocolate ingestion in the DARK group, but only before chocolate ingestion in the MILK group. RMSSD values decreased during ST before and after chocolate ingestion in both groups. Relaxation TP, RMSSD and HFnu values after chocolate ingestion were lower in the DARK but not in the MILK group.
UNASSIGNED: The results suggest that even a single dose of milk chocolate attenuates changes in ANS cardiac control induced by mental stress, whereas a single dose of dark chocolate has an activating effect on the heart via modification of ANS cardiac control at rest. Different levels of sugars and cocoa biologically active compounds in the two types of chocolate could explain the observed effects.
摘要：
■巧克力是一种流行的食物，可能会影响自主神经系统（ANS）的活动。这项研究的目的是确定单剂量黑巧克力或牛奶巧克力在Stroop测试（ST）引起的休息和精神压力期间对ANS心脏控制的影响。
■健康的参与者，分为深色或牛奶巧克力组，摄入相应类型的巧克力（1克/千克体重）。在食用巧克力之前和之后2小时，他们在放松和ST期间进行了ANS测量。通过使用与复杂自主神经调节相关的参数（TP，SDNN)或原发性迷走神经调制(HFnu，RMSSD)。
■两组在ST期间HR总是增加。摄入巧克力后的放松HR值仅在DARK巧克力组中较高。ST期间,TP的值，DARK组摄入巧克力前后SDNN和HFnu均下降，但只有在牛奶组摄入巧克力之前。两组在摄入巧克力前后ST期间RMSSD值均降低。松弛TP,摄入巧克力后的RMSSD和HFnu值在DARK组中较低，而在MILK组中则没有。
■结果表明，即使是单剂量的牛奶巧克力也会减弱由精神压力引起的ANS心脏控制的变化，而单剂量的黑巧克力通过改变休息时的ANS心脏控制对心脏具有激活作用。两种巧克力中不同水平的糖和可可生物活性化合物可以解释观察到的效果。
■健康的参与者，分为深色或牛奶巧克力组，摄入相应类型的巧克力（1克/千克体重）。在食用巧克力之前和之后2小时，他们在放松和ST期间进行了ANS测量。通过使用与复杂自主神经调节相关的参数（TP，SDNN)或原发性迷走神经调制(HFnu，RMSSD)。
■两组在ST期间HR总是增加。摄入巧克力后的放松HR值仅在DARK巧克力组中较高。ST期间,TP的值，DARK组摄入巧克力前后SDNN和HFnu均下降，但只有在牛奶组摄入巧克力之前。两组在摄入巧克力前后ST期间RMSSD值均降低。松弛TP,摄入巧克力后的RMSSD和HFnu值在DARK组中较低，而在MILK组中则没有。
■结果表明，即使是单剂量的牛奶巧克力也会减弱由精神压力引起的ANS心脏控制的变化，而单剂量的黑巧克力通过改变休息时的ANS心脏控制对心脏具有激活作用。两种巧克力中不同水平的糖和可可生物活性化合物可以解释观察到的效果。
