PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Infertility is becoming a major public health problem, with increasing frequency due to medical, environmental and societal causes. The increasingly late age of childbearing, growing exposure to endocrine disruptors and other reprotoxic products, and increasing number of medical reproductive dysfunctions (endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, etc.) are among the most common causes. Fertility relies on fine-tuned control of both neuroendocrine function and reproductive behaviors, those are critically regulated by sex steroid hormones. Testosterone and estradiol exert organizational and activational effects throughout life to establish and activate the neural circuits underlying reproductive function. This regulation is mediated through estrogen receptors (ERs) and androgen receptor (AR). Estradiol acts mainly via nuclear estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ. The aim of this review is to summarize the genetic studies that have been undertaken to comprehend the specific contribution of ERα and ERβ in the neural circuits underlying the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and the expression of reproductive behaviors, including sexual and parental behavior. Particular emphasis will be placed on the neural role of these receptors and the underlying sex differences.
摘要：
不孕症正在成为一个主要的公共卫生问题，随着医疗频率的增加，环境和社会原因。越来越晚的生育年龄，越来越多地暴露于内分泌干扰物和其他生殖毒性产品，和越来越多的医学生殖功能障碍(子宫内膜异位症，多囊卵巢综合征,等。)是最常见的原因之一。生育依赖于对神经内分泌功能和生殖行为的微调控制，那些受到性类固醇激素的严格调节。睾酮和雌二醇在整个生命中发挥组织和激活作用，以建立和激活生殖功能的神经回路。这种调节是通过雌激素受体(ER)和雄激素受体(AR)介导的。雌二醇主要通过核雌激素受体ERα和ERβ起作用。这篇综述的目的是总结已经进行的遗传学研究，以理解ERα和ERβ在下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴调节和生殖行为表达的神经回路中的具体贡献。包括性行为和父母行为。将特别强调这些受体的神经作用和潜在的性别差异。
