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Abstract：
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a complex tissue injury that results in a wide range of physical deficits, including permanent or progressive disabilities of sensory, motor and autonomic functions. To date, limitations in current clinical treatment options can leave SCI patients with lifelong disabilities. There is an urgent need to develop new therapies for reconstructing the damaged spinal cord neuron-glia network and restoring connectivity with the supraspinal pathways. Neural stem cells (NSCs) possess the ability to self-renew and differentiate into neurons and neuroglia, including oligodendrocytes, which are cells responsible for the formation and maintenance of the myelin sheath and the regeneration of demyelinated axons. For these properties, NSCs are considered to be a promising cell source for rebuilding damaged neural circuits and promoting myelin regeneration. Over the past decade, transplantation of NSCs has been extensively tested in a variety of preclinical models of SCI. This review aims to highlight the pathophysiology of SCI and promote the understanding of the role of NSCs in SCI repair therapy and the current advances in pathological mechanism, pre-clinical studies, as well as clinical trials of SCI via NSC transplantation therapeutic strategy. Understanding and mastering these frontier updates will pave the way for establishing novel therapeutic strategies to improve the quality of recovery from SCI.
摘要：
脊髓损伤（SCI）是一种复杂的组织损伤，导致广泛的身体缺陷，包括永久性或进行性感觉障碍，运动和自主功能。迄今为止,当前临床治疗方案的局限性可能使SCI患者终生残疾.迫切需要开发新的疗法来重建受损的脊髓神经元-神经胶质网络并恢复与脊髓上通路的连接。神经干细胞（NSC）具有自我更新和分化为神经元和神经胶质细胞的能力，包括少突胶质细胞,它们是负责髓鞘形成和维持以及脱髓鞘轴突再生的细胞。对于这些属性，神经干细胞被认为是重建受损神经回路和促进髓鞘再生的有前途的细胞来源。在过去的十年里，已经在各种SCI临床前模型中广泛测试了神经干细胞的移植。本文旨在强调SCI的病理生理学，促进对NSCs在SCI修复治疗中的作用和病理机制的研究进展。临床前研究,以及通过NSC移植治疗策略进行SCI的临床试验。了解和掌握这些前沿更新将为建立新的治疗策略以提高SCI恢复质量铺平道路。
