PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The effects of air pollution on endothelial function remain unclear across populations. We aimed to use brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) to identify demographic differences in the effects of air pollution exposure on endothelial dysfunction.
METHODS: We measured FMD in 850 participants from October 2016 to January 2020. Location-specific concentrations of fine particulate matter < 2.5 μm aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5), inhalable particulate matter < 10 μm aerodynamic diameter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) measured by fixed ambient air monitoring stations were collected for short- and long-term exposure assessment. Multiple linear regression models and restricted cubic splines were used to assess the associations before and after stratification by age and sex.
RESULTS: This study eventually included 828 participants [551 (66.5%) younger than 65 years and 553 (66.8%) men]. Each 10 µg/m3 increase in 7-day exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 was significantly linearly associated with a 0.07% (β = -0.07, 95% CI: -0.13 to -0.004) and 0.05% (β = -0.05, 95% CI: -0.10 to -0.004) decrease in FMD in the fully adjusted model. After full adjustment, long-term exposure to all air pollutants was significantly associated with impaired FMD. Each 10 µg/m3 increase in long-term exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 was significantly associated with a -0.18% (95% CI: -0.34 to -0.03) and - 0.23% (95% CI: -0.40 to -0.06) change in FMD, respectively. After stratification, the associations of lower FMD with long-term exposure to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO significantly persisted in men and participants younger than 65 years instead of women or older participants. For short-term exposure, we observed differences consistent with long-term exposure and a stronger effect of 7-day exposure to SO2 in men due to a significant interaction effect.
CONCLUSIONS: Short- and long-term exposure to different air pollutants are strongly associated with decreased endothelial function, and susceptibility to air pollution varies significantly with age and sex.
METHODS: We measured FMD in 850 participants from October 2016 to January 2020. Location-specific concentrations of fine particulate matter < 2.5 μm aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5), inhalable particulate matter < 10 μm aerodynamic diameter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) measured by fixed ambient air monitoring stations were collected for short- and long-term exposure assessment. Multiple linear regression models and restricted cubic splines were used to assess the associations before and after stratification by age and sex.
RESULTS: This study eventually included 828 participants [551 (66.5%) younger than 65 years and 553 (66.8%) men]. Each 10 µg/m3 increase in 7-day exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 was significantly linearly associated with a 0.07% (β = -0.07, 95% CI: -0.13 to -0.004) and 0.05% (β = -0.05, 95% CI: -0.10 to -0.004) decrease in FMD in the fully adjusted model. After full adjustment, long-term exposure to all air pollutants was significantly associated with impaired FMD. Each 10 µg/m3 increase in long-term exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 was significantly associated with a -0.18% (95% CI: -0.34 to -0.03) and - 0.23% (95% CI: -0.40 to -0.06) change in FMD, respectively. After stratification, the associations of lower FMD with long-term exposure to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO significantly persisted in men and participants younger than 65 years instead of women or older participants. For short-term exposure, we observed differences consistent with long-term exposure and a stronger effect of 7-day exposure to SO2 in men due to a significant interaction effect.
CONCLUSIONS: Short- and long-term exposure to different air pollutants are strongly associated with decreased endothelial function, and susceptibility to air pollution varies significantly with age and sex.
摘要：
背景：空气污染对内皮功能的影响在人群中仍不清楚。我们旨在使用肱动脉血流介导的扩张（FMD）来确定空气污染暴露对内皮功能障碍影响的人口统计学差异。
方法：我们测量了2016年10月至2020年1月850名参与者的FMD。细颗粒物的特定位置浓度<2.5μm空气动力学直径（PM2.5），可吸入颗粒物<10μm空气动力学直径（PM10），二氧化硫(SO2),二氧化氮(NO2),一氧化碳(CO),收集固定环境空气监测站测得的臭氧（O3），以进行短期和长期暴露评估。使用多元线性回归模型和有限的三次样条来评估按年龄和性别分层前后的关联。
结果：这项研究最终包括828名参与者[551名（66.5%）年龄小于65岁，553名（66.8%）男性]。在完全调整的模型中，PM2.5和PM10的7天暴露量每增加10µg/m3，与FMD的0.07％（β=-0.07，95％CI：-0.13至-0.004）和0.05％（β=-0.05，95％CI：-0.10至-0.004）显着相关。完全调整后,长期暴露于所有空气污染物与FMD受损显著相关.长期暴露于PM2.5和PM10的每10µg/m3增加与-0.18％（95％CI：-0.34至-0.03）和-0.23％（95％CI：-0.40至-0.06）的变化显着相关口蹄疫，分别。分层后,较低FMD与长期PM2.5,PM10,SO2,NO2和CO暴露的相关性在男性和65岁以下的参与者中显著存在,而不是女性或老年参与者.对于短期暴露，我们观察到的差异与长期暴露一致,并且由于显著的交互作用,男性7天暴露于SO2的效果更强.
结论：短期和长期暴露于不同的空气污染物与内皮功能下降密切相关，空气污染的易感性因年龄和性别而异。
方法：我们测量了2016年10月至2020年1月850名参与者的FMD。细颗粒物的特定位置浓度<2.5μm空气动力学直径（PM2.5），可吸入颗粒物<10μm空气动力学直径（PM10），二氧化硫(SO2),二氧化氮(NO2),一氧化碳(CO),收集固定环境空气监测站测得的臭氧（O3），以进行短期和长期暴露评估。使用多元线性回归模型和有限的三次样条来评估按年龄和性别分层前后的关联。
结果：这项研究最终包括828名参与者[551名（66.5%）年龄小于65岁，553名（66.8%）男性]。在完全调整的模型中，PM2.5和PM10的7天暴露量每增加10µg/m3，与FMD的0.07％（β=-0.07，95％CI：-0.13至-0.004）和0.05％（β=-0.05，95％CI：-0.10至-0.004）显着相关。完全调整后,长期暴露于所有空气污染物与FMD受损显著相关.长期暴露于PM2.5和PM10的每10µg/m3增加与-0.18％（95％CI：-0.34至-0.03）和-0.23％（95％CI：-0.40至-0.06）的变化显着相关口蹄疫，分别。分层后,较低FMD与长期PM2.5,PM10,SO2,NO2和CO暴露的相关性在男性和65岁以下的参与者中显著存在,而不是女性或老年参与者.对于短期暴露，我们观察到的差异与长期暴露一致,并且由于显著的交互作用,男性7天暴露于SO2的效果更强.
结论：短期和长期暴露于不同的空气污染物与内皮功能下降密切相关，空气污染的易感性因年龄和性别而异。
