PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have linked sports-related concussions and repeated subconcussive head impacts in contact sport athletes to elevated brain injury biomarkers. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the primary omega-3 (n-3) highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) in the brain, has shown neuroprotective effects in animal models after brain injury, but clinical research has shown mixed results.
METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study on 29 Division 1 collegiate American football players, exploring the impact of DHA (2.5 g) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (1.0 g) supplied as ethyl esters, on levels of plasma lipids shown to cross the blood-brain barrier. Dietary intake data was collected using food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). Complex lipids and unesterified fatty acids were isolated from plasma, separated via reversed-phase liquid chromatography and analyzed by targeted lipidomics analysis.
RESULTS: FFQ results indicated that participants had low dietary n-3 HUFA intake and high omega-6 (n-6):n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and HUFA ratios at baseline. After DHA + EPA supplementation, plasma lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) containing DHA and EPA significantly increased at all timepoints (weeks 17, 21, and 26; p < 0.0001), surpassing placebo at Weeks 17 (p < 0.05) and 21 (p < 0.05). Phosphatidylcholine (PC) molecular species containing DHA or EPA, PC38:6 PC36:6, PC38:7, PC40:6, and PC40:8, increased significantly in the DHA + EPA treatment group at Weeks 17 (and 21. Plasma concentrations of non-esterified DHA and EPA rose post-supplementation in Weeks 17 and 21.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that n-3 HUFA supplementation, in the form of ethyl esters, increased the DHA and EPA containing plasma lipid pools the have the capacity to enrich brain lipids and the potential to mitigate the effects of sports-related concussions and repeated subconcussive head impacts.
BACKGROUND: All deidentified data are available at ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT0479207.
METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study on 29 Division 1 collegiate American football players, exploring the impact of DHA (2.5 g) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (1.0 g) supplied as ethyl esters, on levels of plasma lipids shown to cross the blood-brain barrier. Dietary intake data was collected using food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). Complex lipids and unesterified fatty acids were isolated from plasma, separated via reversed-phase liquid chromatography and analyzed by targeted lipidomics analysis.
RESULTS: FFQ results indicated that participants had low dietary n-3 HUFA intake and high omega-6 (n-6):n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and HUFA ratios at baseline. After DHA + EPA supplementation, plasma lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) containing DHA and EPA significantly increased at all timepoints (weeks 17, 21, and 26; p < 0.0001), surpassing placebo at Weeks 17 (p < 0.05) and 21 (p < 0.05). Phosphatidylcholine (PC) molecular species containing DHA or EPA, PC38:6 PC36:6, PC38:7, PC40:6, and PC40:8, increased significantly in the DHA + EPA treatment group at Weeks 17 (and 21. Plasma concentrations of non-esterified DHA and EPA rose post-supplementation in Weeks 17 and 21.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that n-3 HUFA supplementation, in the form of ethyl esters, increased the DHA and EPA containing plasma lipid pools the have the capacity to enrich brain lipids and the potential to mitigate the effects of sports-related concussions and repeated subconcussive head impacts.
BACKGROUND: All deidentified data are available at ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT0479207.
摘要：
背景：先前的研究已经将接触性运动运动员中与运动相关的脑震荡和反复的脑震荡下撞击与脑损伤生物标志物升高联系起来。二十二碳六烯酸(DHA),大脑中的主要omega-3（n-3）高度不饱和脂肪酸（HUFA），在脑损伤后的动物模型中显示出神经保护作用，但是临床研究显示结果好坏参半。
方法：我们进行了随机，双盲,对29名1级大学橄榄球运动员的安慰剂对照研究，探索DHA（2.5克）和二十碳五烯酸（EPA）（1.0克）作为乙酯提供的影响，显示穿过血脑屏障的血浆脂质水平。使用食物频率问卷（FFQ）收集饮食摄入量数据。从血浆中分离出复杂的脂质和未酯化的脂肪酸，通过反相液相色谱法分离，并通过靶向脂质组学分析进行分析。
结果：FFQ结果表明，参与者的饮食中n-3HUFA的摄入量较低，而omega-6（n-6）：n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和HUFA的比例较高。补充DHA+EPA后，含有DHA和EPA的血浆溶血磷脂酰胆碱（LPC）在所有时间点（第17、21和26周；p<0.0001）均显着增加，在第17周（p<0.05）和第21周（p<0.05）超过安慰剂。含DHA或EPA的磷脂酰胆碱（PC）分子，PC38:6PC36:6、PC38:7、PC40:6和PC40:8在DHA+EPA治疗组中在第17周显著增加(和21。在第17和21周补充后,未酯化的DHA和EPA的血浆浓度上升。
结论：这项研究表明，补充n-3HUFA，以乙酯的形式，增加含有DHA和EPA的血浆脂质池，具有丰富脑脂质的能力，并有可能减轻与运动相关的脑震荡和反复的脑震荡下头部撞击的影响。
背景：所有去识别的数据可从ClinicalTrials.gov#NCT0479207获得。
方法：我们进行了随机，双盲,对29名1级大学橄榄球运动员的安慰剂对照研究，探索DHA（2.5克）和二十碳五烯酸（EPA）（1.0克）作为乙酯提供的影响，显示穿过血脑屏障的血浆脂质水平。使用食物频率问卷（FFQ）收集饮食摄入量数据。从血浆中分离出复杂的脂质和未酯化的脂肪酸，通过反相液相色谱法分离，并通过靶向脂质组学分析进行分析。
结果：FFQ结果表明，参与者的饮食中n-3HUFA的摄入量较低，而omega-6（n-6）：n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和HUFA的比例较高。补充DHA+EPA后，含有DHA和EPA的血浆溶血磷脂酰胆碱（LPC）在所有时间点（第17、21和26周；p<0.0001）均显着增加，在第17周（p<0.05）和第21周（p<0.05）超过安慰剂。含DHA或EPA的磷脂酰胆碱（PC）分子，PC38:6PC36:6、PC38:7、PC40:6和PC40:8在DHA+EPA治疗组中在第17周显著增加(和21。在第17和21周补充后,未酯化的DHA和EPA的血浆浓度上升。
结论：这项研究表明，补充n-3HUFA，以乙酯的形式，增加含有DHA和EPA的血浆脂质池，具有丰富脑脂质的能力，并有可能减轻与运动相关的脑震荡和反复的脑震荡下头部撞击的影响。
背景：所有去识别的数据可从ClinicalTrials.gov#NCT0479207获得。
