Abstract：
Hydraulic fracturing (HF) has substantially boosted global unconventional hydrocarbon production but has also introduced various environmental and operational challenges. Understanding the interactions between abundant and diverse microbial communities and chemicals, particularly polymers used for proppant delivery, thickening, and friction reduction, in HF water cycles is crucial for addressing these challenges. This review primarily examined the recent studies conducted in China, an emerging area for HF activities, and comparatively examined studies from other regions. In China, polyacrylamide (PAM) and its derivatives products became key components in hydraulic fracturing fluid (HFF) for unconventional hydrocarbon development. The microbial diversity of unconventional HF water cycles in China was higher compared to North America, with frequent detection of taxa such as Shewanella, Marinobacter, and Desulfobacter. While biodegradation, biocorrosion, and biofouling were common issues across regions, the mechanisms underlying these microbe-polymer interactions differed substantially. Notably, in HF sites in the Sichuan Basin, the use of biocides gradually decreased its efficiency to mitigate adverse microbial activities. High-throughput sequencing proved to be a robust tool that could identify key bioindicators and biodegradation pathways, and help select optimal polymers and biocides, leading to more efficient HFF systems. The primary aim of this study is to raise awareness about the interactions between microorganisms and polymers, providing fresh insights that can inform decisions related to enhanced chemical use and biological control measures at HF sites.
摘要：
水力压裂(HF)已显著促进全球非常规烃生产,但也引入了各种环境和操作挑战。了解丰富多样的微生物群落和化学物质之间的相互作用，特别是用于支撑剂输送的聚合物，增厚,和减少摩擦，在HF中，水循环对于解决这些挑战至关重要。这篇综述主要考察了最近在中国进行的研究，HF活动的新兴领域，以及其他地区的比较研究。在中国,聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)及其衍生物产品成为非常规油气开发水力压裂液(HFF)的关键组分。与北美相比，中国非常规HF水循环的微生物多样性更高，频繁检测到类群，如Shewanella，马氏杆菌,和脱硫细菌。而生物降解,生物腐蚀,生物污染是跨地区的共同问题，这些微生物-聚合物相互作用的潜在机制大不相同。值得注意的是,在四川盆地的HF站点，杀菌剂的使用逐渐降低了其减轻不良微生物活性的效率。高通量测序被证明是一个强大的工具，可以监测微生物群落，确定关键的生物指标，并帮助选择最佳的聚合物和杀菌剂，导致更高效的HFF系统。这项研究的主要目的是提高人们对微生物和聚合物之间相互作用的认识，提供新的见解，可以为HF站点的增强化学品使用和生物控制措施做出决策。
