PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Dingoes are culturally and ecologically important free-living canids whose ancestors arrived in Australia over 3,000 B.P., likely transported by seafaring people. However, the early history of dingoes in Australia-including the number of founding populations and their routes of introduction-remains uncertain. This uncertainty arises partly from the complex and poorly understood relationship between modern dingoes and New Guinea singing dogs, and suspicions that post-Colonial hybridization has introduced recent domestic dog ancestry into the genomes of many wild dingo populations. In this study, we analyzed genome-wide data from nine ancient dingo specimens ranging in age from 400 to 2,746 y old, predating the introduction of domestic dogs to Australia by European colonists. We uncovered evidence that the continent-wide population structure observed in modern dingo populations had already emerged several thousand years ago. We also detected excess allele sharing between New Guinea singing dogs and ancient dingoes from coastal New South Wales (NSW) compared to ancient dingoes from southern Australia, irrespective of any post-Colonial hybrid ancestry in the genomes of modern individuals. Our results are consistent with several demographic scenarios, including a scenario where the ancestry of dingoes from the east coast of Australia results from at least two waves of migration from source populations with varying affinities to New Guinea singing dogs. We also contribute to the growing body of evidence that modern dingoes derive little genomic ancestry from post-Colonial hybridization with other domestic dog lineages, instead descending primarily from ancient canids introduced to Sahul thousands of years ago.
摘要：
丁哥是文化和生态上重要的自由生活的犬科动物，其祖先在公元前3,000年到达澳大利亚。可能是由海员运送的。然而,澳大利亚野狗的早期历史，包括建国人口的数量及其引进途径，仍然不确定。这种不确定性部分是由于现代野狗和新英格兰唱歌狗之间复杂而鲜为人知的关系，并怀疑殖民后杂交已将最近的家犬血统引入许多野生野狗种群的基因组中。在这项研究中,我们分析了9个年龄在400到2746岁之间的古老野狗标本的全基因组数据，早于欧洲殖民者将家犬引入澳大利亚。我们发现了证据，表明在现代野狗种群中观察到的整个大陆的种群结构已经在数千年前出现。我们还检测到，与来自澳大利亚南部的古代野狗相比，来自新南威尔士沿海（NSW）的新英格兰唱歌犬和古代野狗之间的等位基因共享过多，无论现代个体基因组中的任何后殖民杂交血统。我们的结果与几种人口统计学情景一致，包括一种情况，即来自澳大利亚东海岸的野狗的祖先是由于至少两次从原始种群中迁徙而引起的，这些种群与巴布亚新几内亚唱歌犬的亲和力不同。我们还为越来越多的证据做出了贡献，表明现代野狗从与其他家犬血统的殖民后杂交中获得了很少的基因组祖先，相反，主要来自数千年前引入Sahul的古代犬科动物。
