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Abstract：
Malaria is still a public health problem in tropical countries like India; major malaria parasite species are Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax. Of which, P. vivax is responsible for ∼40% of the malaria burden at least in the Indian scenario. Unfortunately, there is limited data on the population structure and genetic diversity of P. vivax parasites in India. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity of P. vivax strains in the South-west district, Delhi and, Nuh district, Haryana [National Capital Region (NCR)], using a polymorphic marker- P. vivax merozoite surface protein-3α (PvMSP-3α) gene. Dried blood spots from microscopically confirmed P. vivax patients were used for investigation of the PvMSP-3α gene. PCR-RFLP was performed on the PvMSP-3α gene to investigate the genotypes and allelic variability with HhaI and AluI restriction enzymes. In total, 40 successfully PCR amplified PvMSP-3α gene segments were subjected to RFLP analysis. Amplified products showed three different base pair size variations viz. genotype A in 31(77.5%), genotype B in 4(10%) and genotype C in 5(12.5%) P. vivax specimens. RFLP with HhaI and AluI revealed 17 (H1-H17) and 25 (A1-A25) allelic variants, respectively. Interestingly, two similar sub-allelic variants, ie. H8 (with HhaI), and A4 (with AluI) clustered within the rural area of Nuh district, Haryana in two samples. With this study, we propose to commission such type of genetic diversity analysis of P. vivax to investigate the circulating genotypes of the parasites from distinct geographical locations across India, that can have significant implications in understanding the population structures of P. vivax.
摘要：
在印度等热带国家，疟疾仍然是一个公共卫生问题；主要的疟原虫是恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫。其中，间日疟原虫至少在印度的情况下占疟疾负担的40%。不幸的是,关于印度间日疟原虫的种群结构和遗传多样性的数据有限。在这项研究中,我们调查了西南地区间日疟原虫菌株的遗传多样性，德里和,Nuh区，哈里亚纳邦[国家首都地区(NCR)]，使用多态标记物-间日疟原虫裂殖子表面蛋白-3α(PvMSP-3α)基因。来自显微镜确认的间日疟原虫患者的干血点用于PvMSP-3α基因的研究。用HhaI和AluI限制酶对PvMSP-3α基因进行PCR-RFLP研究基因型和等位基因变异性。总的来说,对40个成功PCR扩增的PvMSP-3α基因片段进行RFLP分析。扩增的产物显示出三种不同的碱基对大小变化。基因型A在31（77.5%），基因型B在4个(10%)和基因型C在5个(12.5%)间日疟原虫标本中。具有HhaI和AluI的RFLP显示17个（H1-H17）和25个（A1-A25）等位基因变体，分别。有趣的是,两个相似的亚等位基因变异体,即.H8（带HhaI），和A4（与AluI）聚集在Nuh区的农村地区，哈里亚纳邦有两个样本。通过这项研究,我们建议委托这种类型的间日疟原虫的遗传多样性分析，以调查来自印度不同地理位置的寄生虫的循环基因型，这对理解间日疟原虫的种群结构具有重要意义。
