UNASSIGNED: This study employed the PubMed search engine to retrieve publicly accessible data pertaining to urinary exosomes.
UNASSIGNED: We summarize the origins and intricate biological characteristics of urinary exosomes, the introduction of research methodologies used in basic experiments to isolate and analyze these exosomes, the discussion of their applications and progress in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer, and the exploration of the current limitations associated with using urinary exosomes as molecular biomarkers for diagnosing bladder cancer.
UNASSIGNED: Exosomes isolated from urine may be used as molecular biomarkers for early detection of bladder cancer.
■本研究使用PubMed搜索引擎检索与尿外泌体有关的可公开访问的数据。
■我们总结了尿外泌体的起源和复杂的生物学特性,引入基础实验中使用的研究方法来分离和分析这些外来体,讨论它们在膀胱癌诊断和治疗中的应用和进展,以及探索目前与使用尿外泌体作为诊断膀胱癌的分子生物标志物相关的局限性。
■从尿液中分离的外泌体可用作早期检测膀胱癌的分子生物标志物。