PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Damage caused by pests and diseases is one of constraints on crop production for food security. Based on the use of questionnaire and interviews that were conducted in Kabare territory (South-Kivu), this study was carried out to (i) assess farmers practices, attitudes, and knowledge about pesticides use, and (ii) assess the human health and physical environment effects using pesticides. Data was collected from 300 small-scale farmers in study area. Results showed that majority of our respondents were men (59 %) rather than women (41 %) and local knowledge of pesticide use was low (60 %). Education level had a significant influence (p < 0.01) on level of knowledge about pesticide use, time and dose of treatment, method of control, and persistence time. In addition, education level influence significantly farmers\' attitudes before and after pesticide treatment (p < 0.05). Pest management control, time of pesticide application, and packaging management method varied significantly with level of local knowledge (p < 0.01). Pesticides use by small-scale farmers has an effect on water, soil, and air quality. It also causes human pathologies such as vomiting, eye irritation, and even loss of life in event of heavy exposure. Inhalation and dermal exposure are main and most dangerous routes of pesticide exposure in our study area, which lacks protective strategies. Finally, use of pesticides disrupts biodiversity through the disappearance of pollinators, predators, parasitoids, and soil microorganisms. Therefore, broad continuity of this study with integration of other scientific aspects would effectively contribute to the improvement of environmental quality.
摘要：
病虫害对作物生产的危害是粮食安全的制约因素之一。根据在Kabare领土(南基伍)进行的问卷和访谈的使用，这项研究是为了(I)评估农民的做法，态度，以及有关杀虫剂使用的知识，和（ii）评估使用农药对人类健康和物理环境的影响。数据来自研究区域的300个小规模农民。结果显示，我们的大多数受访者是男性（59％）而不是女性（41％），当地对农药使用的了解较低（60％）。受教育程度对农药使用知识水平有显著影响(p<0.01),治疗的时间和剂量，控制方法,和坚持时间。此外,受教育程度对农药处理前后农民的态度有显著影响(p<0.05)。害虫管理控制,农药施用时间，包装管理方法与当地知识水平差异显著(p<0.01)。小农使用农药对水有影响,土壤,和空气质量。它还会导致人类的疾病，如呕吐，眼睛刺激,甚至在严重暴露的情况下失去生命。吸入和皮肤暴露是我们研究区域主要和最危险的农药暴露途径，缺乏保护策略。最后,杀虫剂的使用通过传粉媒介的消失破坏了生物多样性，捕食者,寄生虫，土壤微生物。因此,这项研究的广泛连续性与其他科学方面的整合将有效地有助于改善环境质量。
